Teams

UNITED CONFERENCE	WORLD CONFERENCE
UFC East	WFC East
Washington Redskins	The Hawaiians
Boston Celtics	Delhi Bengals
Cleveland Indians	Tokyo Chargers
Chicago Blackhawks	Sydney Rams
UFC North	WFC North
Quebec Nordiques	London Ravens
Edmonton Eskimoes	Berlin Colts
Toronto-Buffalo Bills	Moscow Raiders
Vancouver Canucks	Stockholm Vikings
UFC South	WFC South
Birmingham Americans	Kenyan Crimson Tide
Notre Dame Fighting Irish	Johannesburg Chiefs
Memphis Southmen	Jerusalem Oilers
Atlanta Braves	Rome Cardinals
UFC West	WFC West
Austin Texans	Dublin City Storm
CDMX Mexicas	Rio de Janeiro 49ers
The Mayas	Lima Incas
Kansas City Chiefs	Havana Browns

Report

Given the recent round of North American Sports Teams announcing they are changing their nicknames due to offence caused to Native Americans and the power of the “Black Lives Matter” movement, Eirball wonders if these groups will “Take Back” the names and use them as a source of Pride in the their own leagues. Washington Redskins, Cleveland Indians and Edmonton Eskimoes recently announced they are dropping their moniker in favour of something more appropriate.

In this scenario by 2050 there will be a World Football League with a return of teams such as the Washington Redskins, Kansas City Chiefs, Edmonton Eskimoes (CFL), CDMX Mexicas (Mexico City), Mayas (LFA Mexico), The Hawaiians and Birmingham Americans (WFL 1974-1975), Austin Texans, Memphis Southmen and Birmingham Americans (USFL 1983-1985) as well as Baseball Teams Cleveland Indians, Atlanta Braves; Ice Hockey Teams Chicago Blackhawks, Vancouver Canucks, Quebec Nordiques; and Basketball Team Boston Celtics; NCAA team Notre Dame Fighting Irish.

In addition National Football League teams which have never settled anywhere in America or developed a sense of identity shall move around the World: London Ravens, Berlin Colts, Moscow Raiders, Rome Cardinals, Johannesburg Chiefs, Jerusalem Oilers, Tokyo Chargers, Sydney Rams, Delhi Bengals, Rio de Janeiro 49ers, Havana Browns and Toronto Buffaloes (Bills). New teams Kenyan Crimson Tide, Lima Incas and Dublin City storm to be added to bring the League up to 32 teams. These teams will be owned, staffed and played by Native players.

References

For References on each of the Leagues as well as much more information please see the following pages:

Images

[2] Birmingham Pro Sports (2019) Birmingham Americans History | Logo World Football League [Internet] Available from: https://www.birminghamprosports.com/birminghamamericans/logo%20world%20football%20league.jpg [Accessed 11 February 2019]

Websites

[1] NFL / Kevin Patra (2020) Washington retiring nickname, logo; new nickname TBD [Internet] Available from: https://www.nfl.com/news/washington-retires-nickname-logo-new-nickname-tbd [Accessed 14 July 2020]

Canadian Football Leagues: https://eirball.ie/canadian-football-leagues/

National Football League: https://eirball.ie/national-football-league-2/

American Football League Era 1920-1950: https://eirball.ie/american-football-leagues-era-1920-1950/

Mexican American Football Leagues: https://eirball.ie/mexican-american-football-leagues/

Japan American Football: https://eirball.ie/japanese-american-football/

United States Football Leagues Era 1960-1985: /https://eirball.ie/united-states-football-leagues-era-1960-1985/

Arena and Indoor Football Leagues: https://eirball.ie/arena-indoor-football-leagues/

European american Football: https://eirball.ie/european-american-football/

Women’s American Football (including Legends Leagues): https://eirball.ie/womens-american-football/

XFL Era Football Leagues: https://eirball.ie/xfl-football-leagues-era-1990-2020/

World American Football Leagues: https://eirball.ie/world-american-football/

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Todd Zboyan, Bart Barden, Bri Wallace, Sondra Maher, Decy Maher, Tom Gallagher and Carmine.

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish, North American & World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 27 January 2021

(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2021

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.

World Football Leagues (1991-2019)

Years	League / Team
	WORLD LEAGUE OF AMERICAN FOOTBALL
	WLAF North American East
1991-1992	New York / New Jersey Knights
1991	Raleigh-Durham Skyhawks
1991-1992	Montreal Machine
1991-1992	Orlando Thunder
1992	Ohio Glory (Columbus)
	WLAF North American West
1991-1992	Birmingham Fire
1991-1992	San Antonio Riders
1991-1992	Sacramento Surge
	WLAF European Division
	see NFL Europe
	EUROPEAN LEAGUE OF AMERICAN FOOTBALL
	ELAF UK Conference
1993	EuroSteelers
1993	EuroBears
1993	EuroRaiders
1993	EuroMonarchs
	ELAF European Conference
1993	Hamburg Blue Devils
1993	Cologne Crocodiles
1993	Munich Cowboys
1993	EuroSpartans
	AMERICAN FOOTBALL LEAGUE OF EUROPE
	AFLE Northern
1994-1995	Hamburg Blue Devils
1994-1995	Helsinki Roosters
1994-1995	Berlin Bears
1994-1995	Stockholm Nordic Vikings
1994-1995	Sheffield GB Spartans
1994	Frankfurt Knights
	AFLE Central
1994-1995	Amsterdam Crusaders
1994-1995	Bergamo Lions
1994-1995	Munich Thunder
1995	Frankfurt Gamblers
	NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE EUROPE
1991-1996	London Monarchs
1991-2007	Frankfurt Galaxy
1991-2004	Barcelona Dragons
1995-2001	Scottish Claymores
1995-2007	Amsterdam Admirals
1995-2007	Rhein Fire
1998-2007	Berlin Thunder
2002-2007	Cologne Crocodiles
2005-2007	Hamburg Sea Devils
	ELITE FOOTBALL LEAGUE OF INDIA
	EFLI East
2012	Colombo Lions
2012	Delhi Defenders
2012	Kandy Skykings
2012	Kolkata Vipers
	EFLI West
2012	Pune Marathas
2012	Bangalore Warhawks
2012	Mumbai Gladiators
2012	Pakistan Wolfpack
	EUROPEAN SUPER LEAGUE
	ESL Topliga
2019	Vilnius Iron Wolves
2019	Kaunas Dukes
2019	Warsaw Eagles
2019	Bydgoszcz Archers
2019	Krakow Tigers
2019	Zabki Dukes
	ESL East European Super League
2019	Moscow Spartans
2019	St. Petersburg North Legion
2019	St. Petersburg Grifins
2019	Minsk Litvins

XFLs (1988-2020)

Years	League / Teams
	CANADIAN FOOTBALL LEAGUE USA
	CFL East
1988-??	Montreal Concordes
1993-1995	Baltimore Stallions
1994-1995	Shreveport Pirates
1994-1995	Birmingham Barracudas
2001-2004	Ottawa Renegades
	CFL West
1994-1995	Sacramento Gold Miners
1994-1995	Las Vegas Posse
1994-1995	Memphis Mad Dogs
1994-1995	San Antonio Texans
	SPRING FOOTBALL LEAGUE
2000	Houston Marshals
2000	San Antonio Matadors
2000	Los Angeles Dragons
2000	Miami Tropics
	XFL 2001
	XFL East
2001	Orlando Rage
2001	Chicago Enforcers
2001	New York / New Jersey Hitmen
2001	Birmmingham Thunderbolts
	XFL West
2001	Los Angeles Xtreme
2001	San Francisco Demons
2001	Memphis Maniax
2001	Las Vegas Outlaws
	UNITED FOOTBALL LEAGUE
2009-2011	Florida Tuskers (Orlando)
2009-2011	New York Sentinels
2009-2011	Hartford Colonials
2009-2011	Virginia Destroyers
2009-2011	Las Vegas Locomotives
2009-2011	Omaha Nighthawks
2009-2011	California Redwoods (San Jose)
2009-2011	Sacramento Mountain Lions
	STARS FOOTBALL LEAGUE
2011	New Orleans Jazz
2011-2013	Daytona Beach Racers
2011	Michigan Coyotes
2011-2013	Fort Lauderdale Barracudas
2012	Fort Myers Swamp Dogs
2013	Miami Iron Men
2013	Pompano Beach Swamp Dogs
	FALL XPERIMENTAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE (FXFL)
2014-2015	Brooklyn Bolts
2014	Omaha Mammoths
2014-2015	Blacktips
2014	Boston Brawlers
2015	Hudson Valley Fort
	THE SPRING LEAGUE (TSL)
	TSL Austin / Las Vegas
2017-2019	Team North
2017-2019	Team South
2017-2019	Team East
2017-2019	Team West
2019	Austin Generals
2020	Las Vegas Hughes
	TSL San Antonio
2020	Generals
2020	Aviators
2020	Alphas
2020	Conquerors
2020	Blues
2020	Jousters
	ALLIANCE OF AMERICAN FOOTBALL
	AAF Eastern
2019	Orlando Apollos
2019	Birmingham Iron
2019	Memphis Express
2019	Atlanta Legends
	AAF Western
2019	San Antonio Commanders
2019	Arizona Hotshots
2019	San Diego Fleet
2019	Salt Lake Stallions
	XFL 2020
	XFL Eastern
2020	DC Defenders
2020	St. Louis Battlehawks
2020	New York Guardians
2020	Tampa Bay Vipers
	XFL Western
2020	Houston Roughnecks
2020	Dallas Renegades
2020	Los Angeles Wildcats
2020	Seattle Dragons

Report

Starting with the World League of American Football in 1991 to 1992, which continued from 1995 to 2007 as a Europe-Only Development League of the National Football League, there has been numerous attempts at starting a Professional American Football League outside North America. From 1993 to 1995 European American Football teams started their ownn Pro League, which ended after the NFL restarted the WLAF in 1995. In 2012 former NFL coaches and players started the Elite Football League of India, and in 2019, teams in Poland, Lithuania, Russia and Belrus started the European Super League. Emmett Waldron, who was born in Cork, played for the Scottish Claymores in the WLAF / NFL Europe League from 1995 to 1998.

As well as attempts to start leagues outside North America, there has been attemptsat starting a rival league to the NFL, with the first such attempt since the USFL of the 1980s, being the Canadian Football League’s attempts to start a United States Divison which lasted from 1993 to 1995.A four-team Spring League was played in 2000 but failed due to the start of the XFL in 2001, which failed also, due this time to its product been seen as too different from standard American Football. From 2009 to 2011 the United Football League played as an NFL Development League and from 2011 to 2013 (Stars Football League), 2014 to 2015 (Fall Experimental Football League) and 2017-2020 (The Spring League) attempts were made to play a Pro League in just one locality. Major Pro Leagues returned in 2019 with the Alliance of American Football, which went bankruot after 8 weeks, and the XFL 2020, which lasted five weeks but shut down due to the COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic.

Bibliography

[1] Maher, Todd & Gill, Bob (2013) Canadian Pro Football Encyclopedia Historical Highlights pg. 1-2. Maher Sports Media, 2013.

Images

[2] World League of American Football (2020) 96claymoresawayjersey50rs.jpg.w300h350 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/.pond/96claymoresawayjersey50rs.jpg.w300h350.jpg [Accessed 17 September 2020]

Websites

[4] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF Logo [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/WLAFlogo.gif [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[5] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1991 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id165.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[6] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1992 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id166.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[7] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1995 [Interne] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id170.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[8] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1996 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id171.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[9] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1997 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id172.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[10] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1998 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id173.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[11] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1999 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id174.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[12] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2000 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id175.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[13] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2001 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id176.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[14] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2002 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id177.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[15] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2003 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id178.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[16] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2004 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id179.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[17] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2005 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id180.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[18] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2006 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id181.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[19] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2007 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id182.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

Newspapers

[20] Naughton, Lindie (1996) US FOOTBALL Evening Herald. Thursday, 29 February 1996. pg 62 [Internet] Available from: http://archive.irishnewsarchive.com/Olive/APA/INA/Print.Article.aspx?mode=image&href=EHD%2F1996%2F02%2F29&id=Ar06206 [Accessed 5 July 2017]

Images

[21] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF Logo [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/WLAFlogo.gif [Accessed 23 April 2018]

Websites

[22] Google Groups – rec.sport.football.misc (1994) Message by Ludwig Alberter – 5 September 1994 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/oNVilaWhNSY [Accessed 21 August 2018]

[23] Google Groups – rec.sport.football.misc (1994) Message by Dominik Kubla – 5 November 1994 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/BRx_xxVsAoY [Accessed 21 August 2018]

Sources

[24] FD Reporter (1995) “Terry Launches Second Coming” First Down, May 20, 1995, P. 18.

[25] Rowlands, Neil (1995) “It’s back to the good old Haze!” First Down, May 27, 1995, P. 22.

[26] Anon. (1995) “I’ll give any unhappy fans money back” First Down, June 10, 1995, P. 18.

[27] Myatt, Steve (1995) “Sedin Death!” First Down, June 17, 1995, P. 21.

[28] Myatt, Steve (1995) “Defensive Disaster sees Spartans crumble to 0-5” First Down, July 15, 1995, P. 18.

[29] Anon. (1995) “We can bounce back, says Tel” First Down, July 1, 1995, P. 18.

[30] FD Reporter (1995) “Sitting on the dock of a bay” First Down, August 5, 1995, P. 19.

Online Encyclopedia

[31] Enciclopedia del Football Italiano (2019) American Football League Europe 1995 [Internet] Available from: http://www.warriorsbologna.it/public/Enciclopedia/PDF/1995_afle_eur.pdf [Accessed 4 December 2019]

News Groups

[32] Google Groups | rec.sport.football.misc (1995) [FLE] Schedule of 1995 Season | Post by Domink Kubla 27 May 1995 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/6Y8ECEnsSi0 [Accessed 8 August 2018]

[33] Google Groups | rec.sport.football.misc (1995) [FLE] Latest News and first result | Post by Domink Kubla 2 June 1995 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/j1J9u7pcYPo [Accessed 8 August 2018]

[34] Canadian Football League (2019) Standings | 2002 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/standings/?season=2002 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

[35] Canadian Football League (2019) Standings | 2003 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/standings/?season=2003 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

[36] Canadian Football League (2019) Standings | 2004 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/standings/?season=2004 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

[37] Canadian Football League (2019) Schedule | 2004 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/schedule/?season=2004 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

[38] Canadian Football League (2019) Standings | 2005 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/standings/?season=2005 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

[39] Canadian Football League (2019) Schedule | 2005 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/schedule/?season=2005 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

Internet Archive

[40] United Football League | Internet Archive (2010) Schedule 2009 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20100102212241/http://www.ufl-football.com/schedule [Accessed 13 August 2019]

[41] United Football League | Internet Archive (2011) Schedule 2010 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20110609043730/http://www.ufl-football.com/schedule [Accessed 13 August 2019]

[42] United Football League | Internet Archive (2011) Schedule 2011 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20111026023511/http://www.ufl-football.com/schedule [Accessed 13 August 2019]

Bibliography

[43] Maher, Todd & Gill, Bob (2013) Canadian Pro Football Encyclopedia | The Annual Record pg. 108-110. Maher Sports Media, 2013.

[44] Maher, Todd & Gill, Bob (2013) Canadian Pro Football Encyclopedia | The Game Scores pg. 5-10. Maher Sports Media, 2013.

Online Encyclopedias

[45] Wikipedia (2016) 2012 Elite Football League of India Season [Internet] Available from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012_Elite_Football_League_of_India_season [Accessed 23 October 2016]

Internet Archive

[46] LFL Canada | Internet Archive (2012) LFL Canada | 2012-13 | Standings [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20121119013016/http://lflcanada.com/standings.php [Accessed 31 August 2019]

[47] De La Fuente, Marcus (2012) LINGERIE BOWL I: HANSON & GARCIA LIGHT UP THE FIELD FOR BC AS MISSED OPPORTUNITIES AND MISTAKES PLAGUE SASKATOON LFL Canada | Internet Archive [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20121205072904/http://www.lfl360.com/articles/lingerie-bowl-i-hanson-garcia-light-field-bc-missed-opportunities-mistakes-plague-saskatoon/ [Accessed 31 August 2019]

Websites

[48] Brian O’Reilly – Irish Independent (2014) February 13 2014: Video: Irish woman becomes star of Australia’s Lingerie Football League [Internet] Availabble from: https://www.independent.ie/sport/other-sports/video-irish-woman-becomes-star-of-australias-lingerie-football-league-30007193 [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[49] LFL 360 (2013) NSW Surge vs QLD Brigade – The inaugural Australian LFL game [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/australia/new-south-wales-surge/nsw-surge-qld-brigade-the-inaugural-australian-lfl-game/ [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[50] LFL 360 (2013) A Packed Stadium and Upset Win Add to an Ulnikely Maiden Voyage [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/australia/packed-stadium-upset-win-add-maiden-voyage/ [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[51] LFL 360 (2013) Heavenly Debut for the Angels [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/australia/heavenly-debut-angels/ [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[52] LFL 360 (2013) A Surge Capsizes Maiden Voyage, NSW 36 VIC 12 [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/australia/surge-capsizes-maiden-voyage-34-12-sydney [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[53] LFL 360 (2014) Massacre on the Gold Coast, Angels soar above Brigade 41-0 [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/australia/massacre-gold-coast-angels-soar-brigade-41-0 [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[54] LFL 360 (2014) LFL Australia: Articles [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/category/australia/ [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[55] LFL 360 (2014) LFL Australia: Articles – Page 2 [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/category/australia/page/2/ [Accessed 6 May 2018]

Websites

[56] Arena Fan (2016) China Arena Football League Standings [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20161107032211/http://www.arenafan.com/statistics/?page=standings&league=4 [Accessed 31 August 2019]

[57] Morninghof, Mick (2016) Beijing Wins CAFL Bowl on Final Play [Internet] Available from: http://caflfootball.com/beijing-wins-cafl-china-bowl-on-final-play/ [Accessed 31 August 2019]

[58] Morninghof, Mick (2016) Shanghai Takes Third With 57-52 Win [Internet] Available from: http://caflfootball.com/shanghai-takes-third-with-57-52-win/ [Accessed 31 August 2019]

[59] Morninghof, Mick (2016) Naja Finish at .500 With 46-30 Win Over Dalian [Internet] Available from: http://caflfootball.com/shanghai-takes-third-with-57-52-win/ [Accessed 31 August 2019]

[60] China Arena Football League (2019) CAFL 2019 Competition Breakdown! [Internet] Available from: http://caflfootball.com/cafl-2019-competition-breakdown/ [Accessed 3 December 2019]

[61] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, November 13, 2019: ” Final Score from Shenyang: Beijing 28 Shenyang 0 “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2768277399901933 [Accessed 3 December 2019]

[62] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, November 22, 2019: ” Final Score in Wuhan: Gators 40 Shanghai 0 “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2791563504239989 [Accessed 3 December 2019]

[63] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, December 6, 2019: ” Half way through Match Play and Day 1 of the CAFL Championship Tournament and here are the scores: “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2823067901089549 [Accessed 10 December 2019]

[64] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, December 6, 2019: “ The first day is complete and here is how the teams finished in day 1 of Match Play of the CAFL 2019 Championship Tournament. “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2823301561066183 [Accessed 10 December 2019]

[65] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, December 8, 2019: ” The Shenyang Black Rhinos take home the 3rd Place OF THE CAFL 2029 Championship Tournament with an 18-6 win over the Shanghai Legends. “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2827977440598595 [Accessed 10 December 2019]

[66] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, December 8, 2019: ” What an epic battle as the CAFL 2019 Tournament Championship Game gave fans all that they could ask for as the Wuhan Gators came from behind in regulation to tie the score and take the game to overtime to defeat the 2016 champions Beijing Lions 30-22.  “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2827996027263403 [Accessed 10 December 2019]

[67] Arena Football League (2019) Official Statement [Internet] Available from: https://www.arenafootball.com/article/nov27-statement [Accessed 3 December 2019]

Social Media

[68] Pretty Girls Football League Facebook Page (2017) Post June 27, 2017: “Se ha llegado la hora,” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/LigaPGFL/posts/1481540131916233 [Accessed 8 October 2018]

[69] Pretty Girls Football League Facebook Page (2017) Post July 16, 2017: “Marcador final
Cougars Veracruz 12 – 28 Valkirias Slp” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/LigaPGFL/posts/1505052382898341:0 [Accessed 8 October 2018]

References (Spring Football League 2000)

[1] Remember the SFL (2019) History [Internet] Available from: https://sites.google.com/site/rememberthesfl/history [Accessed 31 December 2019]

[2] Remember the SFL (2019) Standings [Internet] Available from: https://sites.google.com/site/rememberthesfl/standings [Accessed 31 December 2019]

Websites (Stars Football League)

[2] Stars Football League (2011) SFL ANNOUNCES 1-2-3 RULE AFTER TOUCHDOWNS [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/sfl-announces-1-2-3-rule-touchdowns/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[3] Stars Football League (2011) FOOTBALL HISTORY WAS MADE WHEN THE JAZZ-BARRACUDA GAME WAS TIED USING THE SFL’S UNIQUE 1-2-3 RULE. [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/jazz-barracuda-game-tied-sfl-unique-1-2-3-rule/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[4] Stars Football League (2011) DAYTONA BEACH RACERS BEST FT. LAUDERDALE BARRACUDAS 31-28. [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/daytona-beach-racers-ft-lauderdale-barracudas-31-28/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[5] Stars Football League (2011) SFL WRAPS UP FIRST SEASON THE NEW ORLEANS JAZZ 21; THE MICHIGAN COYOTES 6. [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/playing-spring-years-come/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[6] Stars Football League (2012) FT. MYERS SWAMP DOGS BEATS THE FT. LAUDERDALE BARRACUDAS [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/ft-meyers-swamp-dogs-beats-ft-lauderdale-barracudas/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[7] Stars Football League (2012) DAYTONA BEACH RACERS RECORDS 1ST VICTORY OF THE YEAR [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/daytona-beach-racers-records-1st-victory-year/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[8] Stars Football League (2012) THE DAYTONA BEACH RACERS DEFEATS THE FT. LAUDERDALE BARRACUDAS [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/daytona-beach-racers-beat-ft-lauderdale-barracudas/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[9] Stars Football League (2012) THE FT. LAUDERDALE BARRACUDAS DEFEAT THE FT. MYERS SWAMP DOGS [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/ft-lauderdale-barracudas-defeat-ft-meyers-swamp-dogs/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[10] Stars Football League (2012) SFL’S FIRST CHAMPIONSHIP GAME [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/2572/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[11] Stars Football League (2012) THE SFL PRESIDENT’S CHAMPION TROPHY [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/sfl-presidents-champion-trophy/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[12] Stars Football League (2011) SFL GOES TO NEW 1234 POINT RULE [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/sfl-new1234-point-rule/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[13] Stars Football League (2013) SFL 2013 SCHEDULE FINALIZED [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/sfl-2013-schedule-finalized/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[14] Stars Football League (2013) THE SWAMPDOGS AND IRONMEN VICTORIOUS IN WEEK 1 [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/racers-ironmen-victorious-week-1/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[15] Stars Football League (2013) MIAMI IRONMEN LEAD STANDINGS AFTER DECISIVE VICTORY OVER DAYTONA [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/miami-ironmen-lead-standings/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[16] Stars Football League (2013) PLAYOFF SCHEDULE FINALIZED [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/playoff-playoff-schedule-finalized/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[17] Stars Football League (2013) TEAM INFO – DAYTONA BEACH RACERS [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/team-info/daytona-beach-racers/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[18] Stars Football League (2013) MIAMI HEADED TO PRESIDENTS CUP GAME [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/miami-headed-presidents-cup-game/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[19] Stars Football League (2013) THE STAGE IS SET FOR THE THIRD ANNUAL PRESIDENTS CUP [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/stage-set-annual-presidents-cup/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[20] Stars Football League (2013) TEAM INFO – POMPANO BEACH SWAMPDOGS [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/team-info/gm-head-coach-ft-myers-swampdogs-football-club/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

References (FXFL)

You Tube

[1] You Tube | FXFL Football Channel (2014) FXFL Presented by Nivea Men Boston at Omaha Highlights, Nov 6, 2014 [0:09] [Internet] Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FSIejJnIa_U [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[2] You Tube | FXFL Football Channel (2014) FXFL Highlights presented by NIVEA MEN – Blacktips at Brooklyn, Nov 8, 2014 [2:01][Internet] Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pq_-zc-K2DM [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[3] You Tube | FXFL Football Channel (2014) FXFL Highlights Brooklyn at Boston – Halloween Night, Nov 1, 2014 [Internet] Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lo4sB_VeQI [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[4] You Tube | FXFL Football Channel (2014) FXFL Highlights Presented by NIVEA MEN- Omaha at Brooklyn, Oct 27, 2014 [5:13] [Internet] Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b0-i0pUU4XU [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[5] You Tube | FXFL Football Channel (2014) FXFL Week #2 Boston at Brooklyn, Oct 16, 2014 [0:02][Internet] Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ll58VNJBOTU [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[6] You Tube | FXFL Football Channel (2014) FXFL Opening Night Recap – National TV, Oct 9, 2014 [0:03][Internet] Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AHPasGcAnMs [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[7] You Tube | Jeff Buss (2019) FXFL Omaha @ Brooklyn (October 24, 2014), Dec 31, 2019 [Internet] Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jps0DsyZ23A [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[8] You Tube | cflvideo1964 (2015) FXFL 2014 BOSTON BRAWLERS AT OMAHA MAMMOTHS, Apr 4, 2015 [Internet] Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r8FcOGnV4Dg [Accessed 24 January 2020]

Internet Archive

[9] Omaha World-Herald | Wayback Machine (2014) Missed extra point helps Mammoths survive [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20151128214125/http://www.omaha.com/sports/missed-extra-point-helps-mammoths-survive/article_a54427f4-55d4-5806-aaaf-726c8b899a62.html [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[10] FXFL | Wayback Machine (2016) Home [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20160129101535/http://gofxfl.com/ [Accessed 24 January 2020]

References (The Spring League)

Social Media

[1] The Spring League (2017) Post “Game 1 of the Spring League season is in the books. The West beat the East, 10-6. Re-watch the broadcast right here.” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/videos/1922228818055558/[Accessed 24 January 2020]

[2] The Spring League (2017) Post April 16, 2017 “It’s a final from the Greenbrier: Hutson Mason’s North team edges the South squad, 14-10, in Game 2 of the weekend.” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/photos/a.1870863563192084/1923935811218192/?type=3 [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[3] The Spring League (2017) Post “Game 2 of the 2017 Spring League season is in the books, with the North beating the South, 14-10. You can re-watch most of the broadcast here. Note: the feed went out in the second half due to inclement weather.” [Internet] Available from:https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/videos/1922762241335549/ [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[4] The Spring League (2019) Videos April 7 2018 ““Running back Kalif Phillips follows up a 47 yard run with this short TD to seal it for #TeamWest”” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/videos/2102745346670570/ [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[5] The Spring League (2018) Videos April 13 2018 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/videos/2105339876411117/ [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[6] The Spring League (2017) Post April 13, 2018 “Relive the best moments of today’s first game between Team South and Team West, including Johnny Manziel’s Spring League finale. #TheSpringLeague” [0:18] [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=2105339876411117[Accessed 24 January 2020]

[7] The Spring League (2017) Post March 21, 2019 “#ATX, we got you covered. For #TheSpringLeague 2019, Team South will go by a new hometown name: The Austin Generals.” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/posts/2337204383224664[Accessed 24 January 2020]

[8] The Spring League (2017) Post April 7, 2019 “OFFICIAL BOX SCORE FROM GAME 1 Team West 36 Team North 6” [Internet] Available from:https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/posts/2347421552202947 [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[9] The Spring League (2017) Post April 7, 2019 “OFFICIAL BOX SCORE FROM GAME 2 Austin Generals 13 Team North 6” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/posts/2347422305536205[Accessed 25 January 2020]

[10] The Spring League (2017) Post April 13 2019 “The Austin Generals closed The Spring League undefeated. Check out the full box score and play by play below of the Generals win over TSL West. Austin Generals 32 TSL West 13” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/posts/2350788071866295 [Accessed 25 January 2020]

Images

[11] The Spring League (2017) Profile Picture August 13, 2019 [Internet] Available from: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/68494309_2435273623417739_8497449137069883392_n.jpg?_nc_cat=101&_nc_ohc=osM0If13hRYAX9kbxYM&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=3d2ef90b030c12beaf5c4be4b091d540&oe=5E9E9711%5BAccessed 25 January 2020]

[12] The Spring League (2017) Post April 13, 2019″The Austin Generals closed The Spring League undefeated. Check out the full box score and play by play below of the Generals win over TSL West. Austin Generals 32 TSL West 13″ [Internet] Available from: https://external-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/safe_image.php?d=AQBcmXVvDeOXu5NA&w=540&h=282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fthespringleague.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2019%2F04%2FJGZ10040.jpg&cfs=1&upscale=1&fallback=news_d_placeholder_publisher&_nc_hash=AQAhwenzQm3mN8Ue [Accessed 25 January 2020]

Websites

[13] The Spring League (2017) Post March 7, 2020″Game 1 ends with a final score of: Las Vegas Hughes: 14 TSL North: 7″ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/photos/a.1870863563192084/2630097563935343/?type=3 [Accessed 8 June 2020]

[14] The Spring League (2017) Post March 7, 2020″Game 2 has gone final! TSL North: 14 TSL East: 7″ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/photos/a.1870863563192084/2630133173931782/?type=3  [Accessed 8 June 2020]

[15] The Spring League (2017) Post March 11, 2020″DB Brandon Brice seals the game for Las Vegas capping off the final play with a pick-6. Las Vegas Hughes: 17 TSL East: 6″ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/photos/a.1870863563192084/2633474570264309/?type=3  [Accessed 8 June 2020]

Social Media

[16] The Spring League (2020) Post March 23, 2020: ″Since 2017, the year #TheSpringLeague began play, 229 of our players have been signed to pro football contracts #NFL: 90 #CFL: 51 #AAF: 55 #XFL: 33″ [Internet] Available from:  https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/posts/2643855175892915 [Accessed 8 June 2020]

Websites (XFL 2001)

[1] Remember the XFL (2017) XFL Final Standings [Internet] Available from: http://sites.google.com/site/rememberthexfl/standings [Accessed 3 February 2017]

Websites (XFL 2020)

[1] XFL (2020) XFL Standings [Internet] Available from: https://stats.xfl.com/standings/ [Accessed 31 March 2020]

[2] XFL (2020) Schedule [Internet] Available from: https://www.xfl.com/en-US/articles/xfl-releases-2020-schedule [Accessed 26 October 2019]

[3] XFL (2020) Schedule through Week 5 [Internet] Available from: https://www.xfl.com/2020-schedule [Accessed 31 March 2020]

[4] XFL (2020) XFL Statement on COVID-19 [Internet] Available from: https://www.xfl.com/articles/xfl-statement-covid-19 [Accessed 26 October 2019]

[5] XFL (2020) A Thank You to All Our Fans [Internet] Available from: https://www.xfl.com/articles/a-thank-you-to-our-fans [Accessed 31 March 2020]

[6] XFL (2020) XFL in the News – The Latest [Internet] Available from: https://www.xfl.com/articles/xfl-in-the-news-the-latest [Accessed 31 March 2020]

Sources

[7] First Down (2001) Issues from Spring 2001

Images

[8] Wikipedia (2019) XFL 2020 Logo [Internet] Available from: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Logo_of_the_XFL.svg/1200px-Logo_of_the_XFL.svg.png [Accessed 24 September 2019]

Websites (Alliance of American Football)

[1] Alliance of American Football (2019) Standings [Internet] Available from: https://aaf.com/standings [Accessed 4 April 2019]

[2] Alliance of American Football (2019) Scores [Internet] Available from: https://aaf.com/scores [Accessed 4 April 2019]

Internet Archive (United Football League 2009-2011)

[1] United Football League | Internet Archive (2010) Schedule 2009 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20100102212241/http://www.ufl-football.com/schedule [Accessed 13 August 2019]

[2] United Football League | Internet Archive (2011) Schedule 2010 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20110609043730/http://www.ufl-football.com/schedule [Accessed 13 August 2019]

[3] United Football League | Internet Archive (2011) Schedule 2011 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20111026023511/http://www.ufl-football.com/schedule [Accessed 13 August 2019]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Joe Grey (Dublin Dragons) Sean Douglas (Dublin Rebels & UCD) Fiona Corrigan, Caoimhe Mullaney, Alan Delaney; Cillian Smith, Michael Smith, Ralph Schmeer, and Michael Brophy (IAFA).

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 10 July 2020

(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2020

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Robert Burns.

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American & World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 10 December 2020

(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2020

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.

National Football League International 1960-Present

Designated Home Team (Host City)	Years
National Football League Intercontinental	1960-1993
Chicago Bears (Toronto)	1960
Detroit Lions (Montreal)	1969
Pittsburgh Steelers (Montreal)	1969
NFL Bleu (Paris)	1972
NFL Rouge (Paris)	1972
St. Louis Cardinals (Tokyo)	1976
New Orleans Saints (Mexico City)	1978
Tampa Bay Bandits (USFL)(London)	1984
Minnesota Vikings (Goteborg)	1988
Cleveland Browns (Toronto) #	1993
NFL American Bowl / International Series	1995-Present
Minnesota Vikings (London)	1983^; 2013
St. Louis / Los Angeles Rams (London)	1987+; 2012, 16-17, 19
Miami Dolphins (London)	1988+, 2007, 2015, 2017
New Orleans Saints (London)	1990+, 2008
San Francisco 49ers (London)	1992+, 2010
Buffalo Bills (Toronto)	1995+; 2008-2013 [35]
National Football League American Bowl	1986-2019
Chicago Bears (London)	1986
New York Jets (Montreal)	1988
Los Angeles Rams (Tokyo)	1989
Philadelphia Eagles (London)	1989
Denver Broncos (Tokyo)	1990, 1995
Pittsburgh Steelers (Montreal)	1990
Los Angeles Rams (Berlin)	1990
Buffalo Bills (London)	1991
San Francisco 49ers (Berlin)	1991
Miami Dolphins (Tokyo)	1991
Houston Oilers (Tokyo)	1992
Miami Dolphins (Berlin)	1992
Dallas Cowboys (London)	1993
New Orleans Saints (Tokyo)	1993
San Francisco 49ers (Barcelona)	1993
Minnesota Vikings (Berlin)	1993
Los Angeles Raiders (Barcelona)	1994
Minnesota Vikings (Tokyo)	1994
New York Giants (Berlin)	1994
Houston Oilers (Mexico City)	1994
San Diego Chargers (Tokyo)	1996
Kansas City Chiefs (Monterrey)	1996
Pittsburgh Steelers (Dublin)	1997
Miami Dolphins (Mexico City)	1997
Green Bay Packers (Toronto)	1997
Green Bay Packers (Tokyo)	1998
San Francisco 49ers (Vancouver)	1998
New England Patriots (Tokyo)	1998
Denver Broncos (Sydney)	1999
Atlanta Falcons (Tokyo)	2000; 2005
Indianapolis Colts (Mexico City)	2000
Dallas Cowboys (Mexico City)	2001
Washington Redskins (Osaka)	2002
Tampa Bay Buccaneers (Tokyo)	2003
National Football League International Series	2005-2019
Arizona Cardinals (Mexico City)	2005 [33]
Tampa Bay Buccaneers (London)	2009, 2011, 2019
Jacksonville Jaguars (London)	2013-2019
Atlanta Falcons (London)	2014
Oakland Raiders (London)	2014; 2018-2019
Kansas City Chiefs (London)	2015
Cincinnati Bengals (London)	2016
Cleveland Browns (London)	2017
Los Angeles Chargers (London)	2018
Los Angeles Chargers (Mexico City)	2019
Green Bay Packers (Winnipeg) ^	2019

# International Series Match. + American Bowl Match. ^ Non-International Series Preseason Exhibition match.

National Football League Europe Era (1991-Present)

Team	Years
World League of American Football (North American Teams)	1991-1992
New York / New Jersey Knights
Orlando Thunder
Montreal Machine
Raleigh-Durham Skyhawks
Birmingham Fire
San Antonio Riders
Sacramento Surge
Ohio Glory (Columbus)
European League Continental Conference	1993
Hamburg Blue Devils (also AFLE)
Cologne Crocodiles
Munich Cowboys
Euro Spartans (Leicester)
European League UK Conference	1993
EuroBears (Leicester)
EuroRaiders (Leicester)
EuroSteelers (Leicester)
EuroMonarchs (Leicetser)
American Football League of Europe	1994-1995
Stockholm Nordic Vikings
Berlin Bears
Helsinki Roosters
Frankfurt Knights
Hamburg Blue Devils (also ELCC)
Munich Thunder
Amsterdam Crusaders (also IFAFE Big 6)
Sheffield GB Spartans
Frankfurt Gamblers
Bergamo Lions
National Football League Europe League	1995-2007
London Monarchs (also WLAF)
Barcelona Dragons (also WLAF)
Amsterdam Admirals
Scottish Claymores (Edinburgh)
Rhein Fire
Frankfurt Galaxy (also WLAF)
Berlin Thunder
Cologne Crocodiles
Hamburg Sea Devils
Central European Football League	2006-2016
Stirmium Legionaires
Ljubljana Silverhawks
Cineplexx Blue Devils
Project Spielberg Graz Giants
Zagreb Patriots
Kranj Alp Devils
Sarajevo Spartans
Domzale Tigers
Bratislava Monarchs
Budapest Docler Wolves
Budapest Cowboys
Budapest Cowbells
Nis Imperatori
Indija Indians
Istanbul Cavaliers
Vukovi Beograd
Novi Sad Dukes
ASVO / CNC Gladiators
Kragujevac Wild Boars
International Federation of American Football Europe Big 6	2016-Present
Schwabisch-Hall Unicorns
Berlin Adler
Braunschweig New Yorker Lions
Frankfurt Samsung Universe
Raiffeisen Vikings Vienna
Amsterdam Crusaders (also AFLE)
La Corneuve Flash
Aix-en-Provence Argonautes
Badalona Dracs
Milano Seamen

Report

The National Football League played its first match in Europe in Paris in 1972 as part of the Intercontintal Football League promotion, between NFL Bleu and NFL Rouge, two teams of National Football League players. The following 10 years saw more matches played, including a USFL match.

The National Football League played the first American Bowl, a series of Preseason matches in London, Berlin, Barcelona and Dublin in 1983, and these continued until 1997.

In 1991 the NFL set up the World League of American Football with seven teams in North America (including one in Canada) and three in Europe. It scrapped the League after two seasons.

In 1993 the European League was a venture featuring three German teams and 5 English teams playing a limited schedule. In 1994 this league morphed into the American Football League of europe, featuring 8 teams and playing a 10-game season, with teams throughout Northern and Central Europe.

The AFL Europe was cut short after the 1995 season, as that year saw the return of the World League of American Football which was now a Europe-only League with 6 teams. It was renamed the NFL Europe League in 1998, and by the time the National Football League scrapped it in 2007 to focus on promoting the NFL in Europe it had 5 of its six teams in Germany.

The Central European Football League was set up in 2006 as a weekly, 10-game schedule league. By the time it had been absorbed by IFAF Europe in 2017, and become a regional A League playing a 2-game schedule for the previous years champions of the Central European National Leagues, in line with the Northern European Football League, under the European Football League (AA), it had teams from Austria, Slovenia, Slovakia, Hungary, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia-Hercegovina and Turkey.

It was replaced as the Major League in Europe by the IFAF Europe Big 6, playing a limited-schedule, 2-game season, with two groups and a Final. Teams were from Germany, Austria, Netherlands, France, Italy and Spain.

The National Football League during this time (2007-present) was promoting the National Football League in Europe through a series of Regular Season games in London, with the Jacksonville Jaguars the designated home team for one game a year. By 2019 this had become four-games a year, with a wide variety of NFL teams playing. The American Bowl and International Series included matches in Mexico, Japan, Canada and Australia.

References

Bibliography

[1] National Football League (2014) “Past Standings” 2014 Official NFL Record & Factbook” pg. 350-399. National football League, Time Home Entertainment. 2014.

[2] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1991 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id165.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[3] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1992 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id166.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

Newspapers

[4] Berry, Lee (1993) “Spartans Humbled in Hamburg” First Down. May 15, 1993. pg. 17

[5] Berry, Lee (1993) “Germans Get Away with Blue Murder” First Down. August 28, 1993. pg. 18.

[6] Berry, Lee (1993) “Spartans humble” First Down. October 2, 1993. pg. ??.

Newspapers

[7] Berry, Lee (1993) “They said it couldn’t be done” First Down. October 16, 1993. pg. 20

[8] Berry, Lee (1993) “Nuttall mints it with Raiders” First Down. October 16, 1993. pg. 20.

[9] Berry, Lee (1993) “Semi-Conscience” First Down. October 23, 1993. pg. 20.

[10] Berry, Lee (1993) “Near-Miss!” First Down. November 6, 1993. pg. 21.

Websites

[11] Google Groups – rec.sport.football.misc (1994) Message by Ludwig Alberter – 5 September 1994 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/oNVilaWhNSY [Accessed 21 August 2018]

[12] Google Groups – rec.sport.football.misc (1994) Message by Dominik Kubla – 5 November 1994 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/BRx_xxVsAoY [Accessed 21 August 2018]

Sources

[13] FD Reporter (1995) “Terry Launches Second Coming” First Down, May 20, 1995, P. 18.

[14] Rowlands, Neil (1995) “It’s back to the good old Haze!” First Down, May 27, 1995, P. 22.

[15] Anon. (1995) “I’ll give any unhappy fans money back” First Down, June 10, 1995, P. 18.

[16] Myatt, Steve (1995) “Sedin Death!” First Down, June 17, 1995, P. 21.

[17] Myatt, Steve (1995) “Defensive Disaster sees Spartans crumble to 0-5” First Down, July 15, 1995, P. 18.

[18] Anon. (1995) “We can bounce back, says Tel” First Down, July 1, 1995, P. 18.

[19] FD Reporter (1995) “Sitting on the dock of a bay” First Down, August 5, 1995, P. 19.

Online Encyclopedia

[20] Enciclopedia del Football Italiano (2019) American Football League Europe 1995 [Internet] Available from: http://www.warriorsbologna.it/public/Enciclopedia/PDF/1995_afle_eur.pdf [Accessed 4 December 2019]

News Groups

[21] Google Groups | rec.sport.football.misc (1995) [FLE] Schedule of 1995 Season | Post by Domink Kubla 27 May 1995 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/6Y8ECEnsSi0 [Accessed 8 August 2018]

[22] Google Groups | rec.sport.football.misc (1995) [FLE] Latest News and first result | Post by Domink Kubla 2 June 1995 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/j1J9u7pcYPo [Accessed 8 August 2018]

[23] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1995 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id170.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[24] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1996 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id171.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[25] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1997 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id172.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[26] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1998 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id173.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[27] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1999 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id174.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[28] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2000 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id175.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[29] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2001 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id176.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[30] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2002 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id177.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[31] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2003 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id178.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[32] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2004 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id179.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[33] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2005 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id180.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[34] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2006 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id181.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[35] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2007 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id182.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

Internet Archive

[36] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2009) Scores & schedule 2006 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20090118162703/http://www.european-league.com/scores/2006/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[37] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2009) Scores & Schedule 2007 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20090118163121/http://www.european-league.com/scores/2007/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[38] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2008) Standings 2007 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20080308000949/http://www.european-league.com/standings/ [Accessed 6 June 2020]

[39] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2009) Scores & Schedule 2008 [Internet] Available from:https://web.archive.org/web/20090118162938/http://www.european-league.com/scores/2008/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[40] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2009) Standings 2008 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20090118162315/http://www.european-league.com/standings/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[41] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2013) Scores & Schedule 2009 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20130328043843/http://www.european-league.com/scores/2009/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[42] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2009) Standings 2009 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20091105230042/http://www.european-league.com/standings/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[43] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2013) Scores & Schedule 2010 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20130328043549/http://www.european-league.com/scores/2010/ [Accessed 6 June 2020]

[44] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2010) Standings 2010 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20101109060341/http://www.european-league.com/standings/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[45] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2013) Scores & Schedule 2011 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20130328043252/http://www.european-league.com/scores/2011/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[46] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2011) Standings 2011 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20111111013048/http://www.european-league.com/standings/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[47] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2013) Scores & Schedule 2012 [Internet] Available from:https://web.archive.org/web/20130328044149/http://www.european-league.com/scores/2012/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[48] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2012) Standings 2012 [Internet] Available from:https://web.archive.org/web/20120905031154/http://www.european-league.com/standings [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[49] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2014) Scores & Schedule 2013 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20140802210226/http://www.european-league.com/scores/2013/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[50] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2013) Standings 2013 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20131027154542/http://www.european-league.com/standings/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[51] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2009) Scores & Schedule 2014 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20140821194851/http://www.european-league.com/scores/2014/ [Accessed 6 June 2020]

[52] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2015) Standings 2014 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20150121092716/http://www.european-league.com/standings/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[53] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2015) Scores & Schedule 2015 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20151003060110/http://www.european-league.com/scores [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[54] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2015) Standings 2015 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20151008031521/http://www.european-league.com/standings [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[55] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2009) Scores & Schedule 2016 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20161224191946/http://www.european-league.com/scores/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[56] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2016) Standings 2016 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20161225012542/http://www.european-league.com/standings/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

Websites

[57] Eurobowl (2015) BIG6 EFL Standings 2015 [Internet] Available from: http://www.eurobowl.info/index.php?Inhalt=tabellen&Liga=BIG6&Archiv=2015 [Accessed 15 April 2020]

[58] Eurobowl (2015) BIG6 EFL Schedule / Results 2015 [Internet] Available from: http://www.eurobowl.info/index.php?Inhalt=spielplan&Liga=BIG6&Archiv=2015 [Accessed 15 April 2020]

[59] Eurobowl (2016) BIG6 EFL Schedule / Results 2016 [Internet] Available from: http://www.eurobowl.info/index.php?Inhalt=spielplan&Liga=BIG6&Archiv=2016 [Accessed 15 April 2020]

[60] Eurobowl (2017) BIG6 EFL Standings 2017 [Internet] Available from: http://www.eurobowl.info/index.php?Inhalt=tabellen&Liga=BIG6&Archiv=2017 [Accessed 15 April 2020]

[61] Eurobowl (2017) BIG6 EFL Schedule / Results 2017 [Internet] Available from: http://www.eurobowl.info/index.php?Inhalt=spielplan&Liga=BIG6&Archiv=2017 [Accessed 15 April 2020]

[62] Eurobowl (2018) BIG6 EFL Schedule / Results 2018 [Internet] Available from: http://www.eurobowl.info/index.php?Inhalt=spielplan&Liga=BIG6&Archiv=2018 [Accessed 15 April 2020]

Images

[63] Growth of a Game (2014) NFL Europe Logos [Internet] Available from: https://www.growthofagame.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/NFL-Europe-Logo.jpg [Accessed 23 April 2018]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Decy Maher and John Kane.

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish, North American & World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 12 June 2020

(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2020

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.Advertisements

Intercontinental Football Leagues 1972-1989

Years Active	Teams
	Intercontinental Football League Europe 1972-1975
1972	NFL Bleu (Paris)
1972	NFL Rouge (Paris)
1973-1975	Rome Gladiators
1973-1975	Barcelona Almogovares
1973-1975	Istanbul Conquerors
1973-1975	West Berlin Bears
1973-1975	Vienna Lippizaners
1973-1975	Munich Lions
	Intercontinental Football League USA 1972-1978
1972	Air Force All-Stars
1972	Rota Naval Base Admirals
1973	University of Rhode Island Rams
1973	USAFE All-Stars
1976	Henderson State Reddies
1976	Texas A&I Javelinas
1977	Chicago Lions
1977	Newton Nite Hawks
1978	Indianapolis Capitols
1978	Quad Cities Black Hawks
	Canadian Football League USA 1993-1995; 2002-2005
1993-1994	Sacramento Gold Miners
1994-1995	Baltimore Stallions
1994	Las Vegas Posse
1994-1995	Shreveport Pirates
1995	Birmingham Barracudas
1995	Memphis Mad Dogs
1995	San Antonio Texans
2002-2005	Ottawa Renegades
	United Football League 2009-2011
2009	California Redwoods (San Jose)
2009-2010	Florida Tuskers (Orlando)
2009-2011	Las Vegas Locomotives
2009	New York Sentinels
2010	Hartford Colonials
2010-2011	Omaha Nighthawks
2010-2011	Sacramento Mountain Lions
2011	Virginia Destroyers

European Football Leagues 1991-2007

Years Active	Teams
	World League of American Football 1991-1992
1991-1992	Birmingham Fire
1991-1992	Montreal Machine
1991-1992	New York / New Jersey Knights
1991-1992	Orlando Thunder
1991	Raleigh-Durham Skyhawks
1991-1992	Sacramento Surge
1991-1992	San Antonio Riders
1992	Ohio Glory (Columbus)
	National Football League Europe 1991-2007
1991-2003	Barcelona Dragons
1991-2007	Frankfurt Galaxy
1991-1998	London / England Monarchs
1995-2007	Amsterdam Admirals
1995-2007	Rhein Fire
1995-2004	Scottish Claymores
1999-2007	Berlin Thunder
2004-2007	Cologne Centurions
2005-2007	Hamburg Sea Devils
	European League of American Football 1993
1993-1995	Hamburg Blue Devils
1993	Cologne Crocodiles
1993	Munich Cowboys
1993	Manchester EuroSpartans
1993	EuroSteelers
1993	EuroBears
1993	EuroRaiders
1993	EuroMonarchs
	American Football League of Europe 1994-1995
1994-1995	Stockholm Nordic Vikings
1994	Berlin Bears
1994	Helsinki Roosters
1995	Frankfurt Knights
1994-1995	Sheffield GB Spartans
1994	Munich Thunder
1994-1995	Amsterdam Crusaders
1994	Frankfurt Gamblers
1995	Bergamo Lions

World Football Leagues 2012-Present

Years Active	Teams
	Elite Football League of India 2012
2012	Bangalore Warhawks
2012	Colombo Lions
2012	Delhi Defenders
2012	Kandy Sky Kings
2012	Kolkata Vipers
2012	Mumbai Gladiators
2012	Pakistan Wolfpack
2012	Pune Marathas
	Lingerie Football League Canada 2012-2013
2012-2013	BC Angels
2012-2013	Regina Rage
2012-2013	Saskatoon Sirens
2012-2013	Toronto Triumph
	Legends Football League Australia 2013-2014
2013-2014	NSW Surge
2013-2014	Queensland Brigade
2013-2014	Victoria Maidens
2013-2014	Western Australia Angels
	Pretty Girls Football League Mexico 2017
2017	Cazadoras Los Mochis
2017	Cougars Veracruz
2017	Diosas Cahitas Los Mochis
2017	Evil Queens Culiacan
2017	Linces de Puebla
2017	Lycans EdoMex Ojo de Agua
2017	Morrigans CDMX
2017	Ronin de Puebla Somos
2017	Valkirias San Luis Potosi
	China Arena Football League 2016; 2019
2016-2019	Beijing Lions
2016	Dalian Dragon Kings
2016	Guangzhou Power
2016	Qingdao Clipper
2016	Shanghai Skywalkers
2016	Shenzhen Naja
2019	Shanghai Legend
2019	Shenyang Black Rhinos
2019	Wuhan Gators

Report

The first attempts at bringing American Football to the World were in the early 1970s, when Bob Kapp, who had successfully brought Professional Soccer to Texas sought to do the same with American Football in Europe. The Intercontinental Football League featured American teams playing as tourists for the European Championship from 1976 to 1978, as well as a game between two NFL teams NFL Bleu and NFL Rouge in Paris. There was also an attempt to start a Pro League in Europe with six teams, and alhough franchises wrre sold the oil crisis and the spectre of terrorism put a stop to it. The last of these tours was by two Oklahoma Colleges in USSR in 1989.

Beginning in 1991, the National Football League started the World League of American Football with teams in United States, Canada, and Europe. Emmett Waldron, who was born in Cork, played for the Scottish Claymores from 1995 to 1998 when the League was a Europe-only league renamed NFL Europe.

The first Leagues other than American promoted Pro League appeared in 1994-1995 with the American Football League of europe, featuring mainly homegrown European players. In 1993 to 1995 the Canadian Football League also attempted to go “World” by putting teams in the United States of America. The United Football League of 2009-2011 belongs in this category of World League as it actually played three full seasons, whereas most Leagues of this Era in USA ether failed to get off the ground or played a limited 2-game schedule. In 2012 the Elite Football League of India was started by former NFL players and coaches, and featured teams in India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.

Beginning in 2012-13 the Legends and Arena Leagues decided to go Global, with the Lingerie Football League placing teams in Canada for the 2012-13 season, and then as the newly renamed Legends Football League in Australia in 2013-14. Ireland’s Linda Holland, born in Cork, played for the Western Australia Angels in 2013-14. In 2017 the Pretty Girls Football League in Mexico was another of these Leagues. The Arena Football League also got in on the action with its China AFL league playing two season in 2016 and 2019.

References

Website / Sources

[1] Mark L. Ford and Massimo Foglio, The Coffin Corner Volume 27,No. 6, Pro Football Researchers Association (2002) THE FIRST “NFL EUROPE”[Internet] Available from: http://www.profootballresearchers.org/archives/Website_Files/Coffin_Corner/27-06-1101.pdf [Accessed 20 October 2019]

Bibiography

[2] Massimo Foglio with Mark L. Ford (2017), Touchdown in Europe – How American Football Came to the Old Continent. Second Edition “The Trailblazers: Bleu et Rouge, College and Semi-Pro”. pg. 151-188. Published by the Author (2015, 2017)

Internet Archive

[3] American Football (Russia) (2017) History in Russia [Internet] Available from: http://www.americanfootball.ru/Hist_RUS.php [Accessed 24 December 2017]

Websites

[4] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF Logo [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/WLAFlogo.gif [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[5] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1991 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id165.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[6] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1992 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id166.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[7] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1995 [Interne] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id170.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[8] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1996 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id171.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[9] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1997 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id172.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[10] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1998 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id173.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[11] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1999 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id174.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[12] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2000 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id175.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[13] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2001 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id176.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[14] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2002 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id177.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[15] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2003 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id178.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[16] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2004 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id179.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[17] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2005 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id180.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[18] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2006 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id181.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[19] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2007 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id182.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

Newspapers

[20] Naughton, Lindie (1996) US FOOTBALL Evening Herald. Thursday, 29 February 1996. pg 62 [Internet] Available from: http://archive.irishnewsarchive.com/Olive/APA/INA/Print.Article.aspx?mode=image&href=EHD%2F1996%2F02%2F29&id=Ar06206 [Accessed 5 July 2017]

Images

[21] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF Logo [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/WLAFlogo.gif [Accessed 23 April 2018]

Websites

[22] Google Groups – rec.sport.football.misc (1994) Message by Ludwig Alberter – 5 September 1994 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/oNVilaWhNSY [Accessed 21 August 2018]

[23] Google Groups – rec.sport.football.misc (1994) Message by Dominik Kubla – 5 November 1994 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/BRx_xxVsAoY [Accessed 21 August 2018]

Sources

[24] FD Reporter (1995) “Terry Launches Second Coming” First Down, May 20, 1995, P. 18.

[25] Rowlands, Neil (1995) “It’s back to the good old Haze!” First Down, May 27, 1995, P. 22.

[26] Anon. (1995) “I’ll give any unhappy fans money back” First Down, June 10, 1995, P. 18.

[27] Myatt, Steve (1995) “Sedin Death!” First Down, June 17, 1995, P. 21.

[28] Myatt, Steve (1995) “Defensive Disaster sees Spartans crumble to 0-5” First Down, July 15, 1995, P. 18.

[29] Anon. (1995) “We can bounce back, says Tel” First Down, July 1, 1995, P. 18.

[30] FD Reporter (1995) “Sitting on the dock of a bay” First Down, August 5, 1995, P. 19.

Online Encyclopedia

[31] Enciclopedia del Football Italiano (2019) American Football League Europe 1995 [Internet] Available from: http://www.warriorsbologna.it/public/Enciclopedia/PDF/1995_afle_eur.pdf [Accessed 4 December 2019]

News Groups

[32] Google Groups | rec.sport.football.misc (1995) [FLE] Schedule of 1995 Season | Post by Domink Kubla 27 May 1995 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/6Y8ECEnsSi0 [Accessed 8 August 2018]

[33] Google Groups | rec.sport.football.misc (1995) [FLE] Latest News and first result | Post by Domink Kubla 2 June 1995 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/j1J9u7pcYPo [Accessed 8 August 2018]

[34] Canadian Football League (2019) Standings | 2002 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/standings/?season=2002 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

[35] Canadian Football League (2019) Standings | 2003 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/standings/?season=2003 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

[36] Canadian Football League (2019) Standings | 2004 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/standings/?season=2004 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

[37] Canadian Football League (2019) Schedule | 2004 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/schedule/?season=2004 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

[38] Canadian Football League (2019) Standings | 2005 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/standings/?season=2005 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

[39] Canadian Football League (2019) Schedule | 2005 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/schedule/?season=2005 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

Internet Archive

[40] United Football League | Internet Archive (2010) Schedule 2009 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20100102212241/http://www.ufl-football.com/schedule [Accessed 13 August 2019]

[41] United Football League | Internet Archive (2011) Schedule 2010 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20110609043730/http://www.ufl-football.com/schedule [Accessed 13 August 2019]

[42] United Football League | Internet Archive (2011) Schedule 2011 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20111026023511/http://www.ufl-football.com/schedule [Accessed 13 August 2019]

Bibliography

[43] Maher, Todd & Gill, Bob (2013) Canadian Pro Football Encyclopedia | The Annual Record pg. 108-110. Maher Sports Media, 2013.

[44] Maher, Todd & Gill, Bob (2013) Canadian Pro Football Encyclopedia | The Game Scores pg. 5-10. Maher Sports Media, 2013.

Online Encyclopedias

[45] Wikipedia (2016) 2012 Elite Football League of India Season [Internet] Available from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012_Elite_Football_League_of_India_season [Accessed 23 October 2016]

Internet Archive

[46] LFL Canada | Internet Archive (2012) LFL Canada | 2012-13 | Standings [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20121119013016/http://lflcanada.com/standings.php [Accessed 31 August 2019]

[47] De La Fuente, Marcus (2012) LINGERIE BOWL I: HANSON & GARCIA LIGHT UP THE FIELD FOR BC AS MISSED OPPORTUNITIES AND MISTAKES PLAGUE SASKATOON LFL Canada | Internet Archive [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20121205072904/http://www.lfl360.com/articles/lingerie-bowl-i-hanson-garcia-light-field-bc-missed-opportunities-mistakes-plague-saskatoon/ [Accessed 31 August 2019]

Websites

[48] Brian O’Reilly – Irish Independent (2014) February 13 2014: Video: Irish woman becomes star of Australia’s Lingerie Football League [Internet] Availabble from: https://www.independent.ie/sport/other-sports/video-irish-woman-becomes-star-of-australias-lingerie-football-league-30007193 [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[49] LFL 360 (2013) NSW Surge vs QLD Brigade – The inaugural Australian LFL game [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/australia/new-south-wales-surge/nsw-surge-qld-brigade-the-inaugural-australian-lfl-game/ [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[50] LFL 360 (2013) A Packed Stadium and Upset Win Add to an Ulnikely Maiden Voyage [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/australia/packed-stadium-upset-win-add-maiden-voyage/ [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[51] LFL 360 (2013) Heavenly Debut for the Angels [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/australia/heavenly-debut-angels/ [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[52] LFL 360 (2013) A Surge Capsizes Maiden Voyage, NSW 36 VIC 12 [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/australia/surge-capsizes-maiden-voyage-34-12-sydney [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[53] LFL 360 (2014) Massacre on the Gold Coast, Angels soar above Brigade 41-0 [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/australia/massacre-gold-coast-angels-soar-brigade-41-0 [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[54] LFL 360 (2014) LFL Australia: Articles [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/category/australia/ [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[55] LFL 360 (2014) LFL Australia: Articles – Page 2 [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/category/australia/page/2/ [Accessed 6 May 2018]

Websites

[56] Arena Fan (2016) China Arena Football League Standings [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20161107032211/http://www.arenafan.com/statistics/?page=standings&league=4 [Accessed 31 August 2019]

[57] Morninghof, Mick (2016) Beijing Wins CAFL Bowl on Final Play [Internet] Available from: http://caflfootball.com/beijing-wins-cafl-china-bowl-on-final-play/ [Accessed 31 August 2019]

[58] Morninghof, Mick (2016) Shanghai Takes Third With 57-52 Win [Internet] Available from: http://caflfootball.com/shanghai-takes-third-with-57-52-win/ [Accessed 31 August 2019]

[59] Morninghof, Mick (2016) Naja Finish at .500 With 46-30 Win Over Dalian [Internet] Available from: http://caflfootball.com/shanghai-takes-third-with-57-52-win/ [Accessed 31 August 2019]

[60] China Arena Football League (2019) CAFL 2019 Competition Breakdown! [Internet] Available from: http://caflfootball.com/cafl-2019-competition-breakdown/ [Accessed 3 December 2019]

[61] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, November 13, 2019: ” Final Score from Shenyang: Beijing 28 Shenyang 0 “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2768277399901933 [Accessed 3 December 2019]

[62] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, November 22, 2019: ” Final Score in Wuhan: Gators 40 Shanghai 0 “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2791563504239989 [Accessed 3 December 2019]

[63] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, December 6, 2019: ” Half way through Match Play and Day 1 of the CAFL Championship Tournament and here are the scores: “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2823067901089549 [Accessed 10 December 2019]

[64] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, December 6, 2019: “ The first day is complete and here is how the teams finished in day 1 of Match Play of the CAFL 2019 Championship Tournament. “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2823301561066183 [Accessed 10 December 2019]

[65] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, December 8, 2019: ” The Shenyang Black Rhinos take home the 3rd Place OF THE CAFL 2029 Championship Tournament with an 18-6 win over the Shanghai Legends. “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2827977440598595 [Accessed 10 December 2019]

[66] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, December 8, 2019: ” What an epic battle as the CAFL 2019 Tournament Championship Game gave fans all that they could ask for as the Wuhan Gators came from behind in regulation to tie the score and take the game to overtime to defeat the 2016 champions Beijing Lions 30-22.  “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2827996027263403 [Accessed 10 December 2019]

[67] Arena Football League (2019) Official Statement [Internet] Available from: https://www.arenafootball.com/article/nov27-statement [Accessed 3 December 2019]

Social Media

[68] Pretty Girls Football League Facebook Page (2017) Post June 27, 2017: “Se ha llegado la hora,” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/LigaPGFL/posts/1481540131916233 [Accessed 8 October 2018]

[69] Pretty Girls Football League Facebook Page (2017) Post July 16, 2017: “Marcador final
Cougars Veracruz 12 – 28 Valkirias Slp” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/LigaPGFL/posts/1505052382898341:0 [Accessed 8 October 2018]

Images

[70] Brian O’Reilly – Irish Independent (2014) February 13 2014: Video: Irish woman becomes star of Australia’s Lingerie Football League [Internet] Availabble from: https://cdn-03.independent.ie/videos/article30006990.ece/fd099/AUTOCROP/h342/West%20Cork’s%20Linda%20Holland%20on%20reaching%20football’s%20largest%20stage%20in%20Australia%20(Generated%20thumbnail) [Accessed 29 November 2019]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Joe Grey (Dublin Dragons) Sean Douglas (Dublin Rebels & UCD) Fiona Corrigan, Caoimhe Mullaney, Alan Delaney; Cillian Smith, Michael Smith, Ralph Schmeer, and Michael Brophy (IAFA).

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 10 July 2020

(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2020

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.

National Football League 2030

NATIONAL FOOTBALL CONFERENCE	AMERICAN FOOTBALL CONFERENCE
NFC East	AFC East
New York Giants	New York Jets
Washington Presidents	New England Patriots
Dallas Cowboys	Miami Dolphins
Philadelphia Eagles	Pittsburgh Steelers
NFC North	AFC South
Green Bay Packers	Houston Texans
Chicago Bears	Jacksonville Jaguars
Detroit Lions	Tennessee Titans
Minnesota Vikings	Kansas City Chiefs
NFC South	AFC West
Atlanta Falcons	Denver Broncos
New Orleans Saints	Las Vegas Raiders
Tampa Bay Buccaneers	San Jose 49ers
Carolina Panthers	Seattle Seahawks
NFC World	AFC World
Rome Cardinals	Toronto Bills
Berlin Colts	Mexico City Browns
London Ravens	Sydney Rams
Paris Bengals	Tokyo Chargers

XFL 2030

XTREME FOOTBALL CONFERENCE	UNITED STATES FOOTBALL CONFERENCE
XFC East	UFC East
Buffalo Bills	New Jersey Generals
Baltimore Colts	Ohio Glory (Columbus)
Brooklyn Dodgers	Indianapolis Warriors
Ottawa Roughriders	Virginia Hunters
XFC Central	UFC Central
Houston Oilers	San Antonio Toros
St. Louis Cardinals	Oklahoma Outlaws
Cincinnati Bengals	Shreveport Steamer
Cleveland Browns	New Mexico Thunderbirds
XFC West	UFC South
Los Angeles Rams	Birmingham Stallions
San Diego Chargers	Memphis Showboats
San Francisco 49ers	Orlando Renegades
Oakland Raiders	Louisville Raiders
XFC World	UFC West
Atlantic Claymores (Dublin-Glasgow)	The Hawaiians
England Monarchs (Birmingham)	Southern California Sun
Rome Gladiators	Arizona Wranglers
Cologne Centurions	Portland Breakers

Report

Eirball has taken a brief break from the Past Archive to take a look at what might be when the National Football League places teams around the World like it has promised. Eirball thinks rather than creating new teams it will move teams which haven’t found a home in America to places such as Europe (Rome Cardinals, Berlin Colts), Canada (Toronto Bills), Mexico (Mexico City Browns), Australia (Sydney Rams), and Japan (Tokyo Chargers).

In response somebody like Vince McMahon, who has an awful lot of money, and has created the XFL rival to the NFL, could resurrect some of the teams that the NFL has got rid of (Houston Oilers, Brooklyn Dodgers, St. Louis Cardinals, Los Angeles Rams, Oakland Raiders), and set up a rival league to the NFL, and perhaps force a merger. In this scenario he has also resurrected some of the other “Outlaw” league teams such as the New Jersey Generals, San Antonio Toros, Portland Breakers, as well as bringing back the Claymores (now a Dublin-Glasgow team), the England Monarchs and Rome Gladiators.

References

Images

[1] Chris Creamer’s Sports Logos (2019) Scottish Claymores Alternate Logo 1998 [Internet] Available from:http://content.sportslogos.net/logos/19/1233/full/2552_scottish_claymores-alternate-1998.png [Accessed 27 November 2019]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Fiona Corrigan, Caoimhe Mullaney, Alan Delaney, John Wills, John Kane, Todd Zboyan, Lenka Mulligan, Eoin O’Farrell, Richard Mulcahy and family, Dervla Mulcahy and family, Declan Mulcahy and Nora Mulcahy.

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 16 April 2020

(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2020

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Resereved.