Tag: American Football Timelines

Canadian Football League Timeline 1873-2021

CFL Logo [References: Canada 1]

A SHORT HISTORY OF CANADIAN FOOTBALL

1861                               First documented football game in Canada on November 9, 1861 at the University of Toronto.           

1868           First documented football game in Québec on October 10, 1868 in Montréal.

1869                               Hamilton Foot Ball Club formed on November 3, 1869.

1872           Montréal Football Club formed on April 8, 1872.

1873           Toronto Argonauts formed on October 4, 1873 by the Toronto Argonaut Rowing Club. Hamilton Foot Ball Club renamed the Hamilton Tigers.

1875           First inter-provincial football game played on October 16, 1875 between Ontario and Québec in Toronto.

1876                               Ottawa Football Club formed on September 20, 1876.

1879                               Winnipeg Rugby Football Club formed.

1883           Ontario Rugby Football Union formed on January 6, 1883. Québec Rugby Football Union formed on January 16, 1883.

1884                               Canadian Rugby Football Union formed on February 7, 1884.

  1. Montréal Football Club joined the Montréal Amateur Athletic Association.

1887                               Ontario Rugby Football Union withdrew from the Canadian Rugby Football Union.

1888           Manitoba Rugby League formed by Winnipeg RugbyFootball Club, WinnipegSt. John’s College Rugby Club, and the Royal School of Infantry.

1890                               First football game played in Alberta.

1891           Canadian Rugby Union formed on December 19, 1891 by the Québec Rugby Football Union and the Ontario Rugby Football Union.

1892                               Manitoba Rugby Football Union formed on February 22, 1892.

1895                               Toronto Argonauts withdrew from the Ontario Rugby Football Union.

1897           Canadian Intercollegiate Rugby Football Union formed on November 24, 1897. Ottawa Football Club suspended by the Québec Rugby Football Union.

1898           First intercollegiate game played on October 8, 1898 in Kingston. Canadian Intercollegiate Rugby Football Union joined the Canadian Rugby Union but left later on during in the year. Ottawa Football Club re-organised as the Ottawa Rough Riders on September 9, 1898. Ottawa Rough Riders joined the Ontario Rugby Football Union. Toronto Argonauts re-joined the Ontario Rugby Football Union.

1903                               Ottawa Rough Riders joined the Québec Rugby Football Union.

1906                               Calgary City Rugby Foot-ball Club formed on March 14, 1906.

1908                               Calgary City Rugby Foot-ball Club renamed the Calgary Tigers on August 27, 1908.

1907           Edmonton Rugby Foot-ball Club formed on April 10, 1907. Interprovincial Rugby Football Union established on September 13, 1907 as a four-team league consisting of the Hamilton Tigers and Toronto Argonauts from the Ontario Rugby Football Union and Montreal Amateur Athletic Association and Ottawa Rough Riders from the Québec Rugby Football Union. Ottawa St. Patrick College merged with the Ottawa Rough Riders. Saskatchewan Rugby Football League established.

1908           Calgary Rugby Football Union established on September 29, 1908. Edmonton Rugby Foot-ball Club renamed the Edmonton Esquimaux on October 16, 1908.

1909           Albert Henry George, the fourth Earl of Grey donated a trophy for the rugby football champion of Canada. Only teams registered with the Canadian Rugby Union could enter competition for the Grey Cup. Hamilton Tigers defeated the Ottawa Rough Riders 11-6 in an exhibition game played in New York City.

1910           Regina Rugby Club formed on September 13, 1910. Saskatchewan Rugby Football Union established on September 22, 1910. Edmonton Esquimaux renamed the Edmonton Eskimos.

1911           Alberta Rugby Football Union, Manitoba Rugby Football Union, and Saskatchewan Rugby Football Union merge together and establish the Western Canada Rugby Football Union on October 21, 1911.

  1. Interprovincial Rugby Football Union suspended operations for the duration of the First World War.

1919                               Interprovincial Rugby Football Union re-commenced play.

1921                               Western Canada Rugby Football Union joined the Canadian Rugby Union.

1923                               Calgary Tigers renamed the Calgary 50th Battalion.

1924                               Regina Rugby Club renamed the Regina Roughriders.

1925           Ottawa Rough Riders merged with Ottawa St. Bridgit’s Club and renamed the Ottawa Senators. Calgary 50th Battalion renamed the Calgary Tigers.

1926                               British Columbia Rugby Football Union established on September 1, 1926.

  1. Ottawa Senators reverted to their previous name of Rough Riders. Western Intercollegiate Rugby Football Union established.

1928                               Manitoba and Saskatchewan Rugby Football Unions form the Tri-City Rugby Football Union on August 25, 1928.

1929                               Tri-City Rugby Football Union disbanded and separate Manitoba and Saskatchewan Rugby Football Unions reformed.

1930           Winnipeg Rugby Football Club renamed the Winnipegs Rugby Football Club on June 10, 1930. Calgary Tigers renamed the Calgary Altomah-Tigers.

1932           Winnipeg St. John’s College Rugby Club merged with the Winnipegs Rugby Football Club. Calgary Altomah-Tigers renamed the Calgary Altomahs.

1934                               Eastern Intercollegiate Rugby Football Union stopped competing for the Grey Cup.

1935                               Calgary Altomahs renamed the Calgary Bronks.

1936           Montréal Amateur Athletic Association football club withdrew from competition and replaced by the Montréal Indians. Winnipegs Rugby Football Club renamed the Winnipeg Blue Bombers. Western Interprovincial Football Union established as a three-team league consisting of the Calgary Bronks, Regina Roughriders, and Winnipeg Blue Bombers. Intercollegiate teams stopped competing for the Grey Cup.

1937                               Québec Rugby Football Union stopped competing for the Grey Cup.

1938           Edmonton Eskimos joined the Western Interprovincial Football Union. Montréal Indians renamed the Montréal Cubs.

1939                               Montréal Cubs renamed the Montréal Royals.

1940           Edmonton Eskimos withdrew from the Western Interprovincial Football Union.

1941           Interprovincial Rugby Football Union renamed the Eastern Canada Rugby Football Union. Hamilton Tigers withdrew from the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union and joined the Ontario Rugby Football Union. Toronto Balmy Beach joined the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union as replacement for Hamilton. Montréal Royals renamed the Montréal Bulldogs. Calgary Bronks withdrew from the Western Interprovincial Football Union and replaced by the Vancouver Grizzlies for one season. 

1942           Eastern Canada Rugby Football Union and Western Interprovincial Football Union suspended operations for the duration of the Second World War.

1945           Interprovincial Rugby Football Union re-commenced play. Montréal club renamed the Montréal Hornets. Western Interprovincial Football Union teams playoff for the Grey Cup. Calgary Bronks renamed the Calgary Stampeders on September 28, 1945.

1946           Western Interprovincial Football Union re-commenced play. Montréal Hornets renamed the Montréal Alouettes.

1947           Regina Roughriders unofficially renamed the Saskatchewan Roughriders.

1948           Hamilton Tigers withdrew from Interprovincial Rugby Football Union and joined the Ontario Rugby Football Union. Hamilton Wildcats replaced the Hamilton Tigers. Regina Roughriders unofficially renamed the Saskatchewan Roughriders.

1949           Edmonton Eskimos rejoined the Western Interprovincial Football Union. Western Canada Rugby Football Union ceased operations.

1950           Hamilton Wildcats of the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union and the Hamilton Tigers of the Ontario Rugby Football Union merged to form the Hamilton Tiger-Cats. Regina team officially renamed the Saskatchewan Roughriders on April 1, 1950.

1953                               British Columbia Lions formed on January 22, 1953.

1954           British Columbia Lions joined the Western Interprovincial Football Union.

1955                               Ontario Rugby Football Union stopped competing for the Grey Cup.

1956           Interprovincial Rugby Football Union and Western Interprovincial Football Union established the Canadian Football Council on January 22, 1956.

1958           Canadian Football Council withdrew from the Canadian Rugby Union and renamed the Canadian Football League on June 19, 1958.

1960                               Interprovincial Rugby Football Union renamed Eastern Football Conference.

  1. Western Interprovincial Football Union renamed Western Football Conference.

1965                               Continental Football League commenced operations with a franchise based in Toronto named the Toronto Rifles. 

1966           Trusteeship of the Grey Cup passed from the Canadian Rugby Union to the Canadian Football League. Fort Wayne Warriors of the Continental Football League transferred to Montréal and became the Beavers.

1967                               Victoria Steelers commenced operations in the Continental Football League.

1968           Toronto Rifles of the Continental Football League folded in mid-season after four games played. Montréal Beavers also folded in mid-season after twelve games played. Victoria Steelers folded after the completion of the season and the Continental Football League withdrew from Canada. The league would later cease operations during the following year.

1974           Bill C-22 “An Act Respecting Canadian Football” – referred usually as the Canadian Football Act – was drafted in April 1974. This legislation, introduced into Parliament by health minister Marc Lalonde, would effectively have prevented the operation of the Toronto franchise in the upstart World Football League. It would have set roster limits on import players, prevented the Canadian Football League from expanding to or operating outside of Canada, and prevented foreign-based players from playing league games in Canada. Bill C-22 never became law. Ontario Rugby Football Union ceased operations.

1981                               Eastern and Western Football Conferences renamed the Eastern and Western Divisions.

1982           Montréal Alouettes folded on March 13, 1982 and replaced with a new Montréal franchise named the Montréal Concordes.

1986           Montréal Concordes renamed the Montréal Alouettes.

1987           Montréal Alouettes folded on June 24, 1987 prior to the start of the 1987 season. Winnipeg Blue Bombers switched from the Western Division to the Eastern Division.

1991           World League of American Football commenced operations with a franchise based in Montréal. The Montréal Machine played two seasons in the league before both the team and league ceased operations after the 1992 season.

1992           Montréal hosted the second WLAF World Bowl championship game between the Sacramento Surge and Orlando Thunder.

1993           Sacramento Gold Miners joined the Canadian Football League as the first American team in the league on February 26, 1993. Las Vegas Posse joined the Canadian Football League for the 1994 season on July 26, 1993. Sacramento Gold Miners played in the Western Division.

1994           Baltimore CFL Colts joined the Canadian Football League on February 17, 1994. Shreveport Pirates joined the Canadian Football League on the following day. Baltimore CFL Colts and Shreveport Pirates played in the Eastern Division. Las Vegas Posse played in the Western Division. Baltimore CFL Colts prevented by court injunction to use “Colts” in their nickname and the team was referred to as the Baltimore CFLers during the season. Baltimore franchise renamed the Baltimore Football Club just prior to the commencement of the 1994 Grey Cup game.

1995           Sacramento Gold Miners transferred to San Antonio on February 21, 1995 and renamed the San Antonio Texans one month later. Birmingham Barracudas joined the Canadian Football League on January 11, 1995. Memphis Mad Dogs joined the Canadian Football League on January 28, 1995. Las Vegas Posse disbanded on April 18, 1995 after attempts to transfer the franchise to Jackson, Mississippi failed. Divisional format changed to an all-Canadian North Division and an all-American South Division. Baltimore Football Club renamed the Baltimore Stallions after first game of the season.

1996           Birmingham Barracudas, Memphis Mad Dogs, San Antonio Texans, and Shreveport Pirates folded when the Canadian Football League withdrew from the United States on February 6, 1996. Baltimore Stallions transferred to Montréal and renamed the Alouettes. Divisional format reverted back to Eastern and Western Divisions. Montréal Alouettes competed in the Eastern Division while Winnipeg Blue Bombers moved to the Western Division. Ottawa Rough Riders folded at the conclusion of the season on November 6, 1996.

  1. Winnipeg Blue Bombers switched from the Western Division to the Eastern Division.

2001           Ottawa Renegades granted expansion fra.nchise on October 16, 2001 to commence play in the 2002 season.

2006           Ottawa Renegades folded on April 9, 2006 prior to the 2006 season.

2021 Edmonton Eskimos renamed Edmonton Football Team

References (Canadian Football Almanac 1875-2012 – David Stewart-Candy & Dave Clamen)

SOURCES

Ontario Rugby Football Union
Québec Rugby Football Union
Western Canada Rugby Football Union
Manitoba Rugby Football Union
Saskatchewan Rugby Football Union
Alberta Rugby Football Union
British Columbia Rugby Football Union
Canadian Intercollegiate Rugby Football Union
Kingston Rugby Football League
Winnipeg Rugby Football League
Intermediate Champions
CFL Attendance Statistics – All Teams for 1982, 1983, 1986 and 1987
Calgary Stampeders Attendance Statistics 1979
Edmonton Eskimo Attendance Statistics 1966-1987
Montréal Alouettes Attendance Statistics 1977
CFL versus NFL Scores
kindly supplied by David Clamen
Thornhill, Ontario
Canada

Canadian Football League Facts Figures & Records 1986 Edition
Canadian Football League Facts Figures & Records 1994 Edition
Canadian Football League Facts Figures & Records 1995 Edition
Canadian Football League Facts Figures & Records 1996 Edition
Canadian Football League Facts Figures & Records 1997 Edition
published by Canadian Football League
Fifth Floor
110 Elginton Avenue West
Toronto, Ontario
Canada
M4R 1A3
1986-1997 Canadian Football League

Canadian Football League
http://www.cfl.ca

Canadian Football – The Grey Cup Years
written by Frank Cosentino
published by Musson Book Company Limited
Don Mills, Ontario
Canada
1969 Frank Cosentino

A Passing Game – A History of the CFL
written by Frank Cosentino
published by Bain & Cox
Winnipeg, Manitoba
Canada
1995 Frank Cosentino

100 Years of Canadian Football
written by Gordon Currie
published by Pagurian Press Limited
Toronto, Ontario
Canada
1968 Pagurian Press Limited

Rider Pride – The Story of Canada’s Best-Loved Football Team
written by Bob Calder and Garry Andrews
published by Western Producer Prairie Books
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
1984

Gael Force – A Century of Football At Queen’s
written by Merv Daub
published by McGill-Queen’s University Press
Montréal, Québec & Kingston, Ontario
1996

1995 British Columbia Lions Media Guide
1996 British Columbia Lions Media Guide
published by Jim Dorash
1996 British Columbia Lions Football Club

Montréal Alouettes Guide Média / Media Guide ’86
published by Club de Football Les Alouettes de Montréal
1986

Ottawa Rough Riders ’87 Media Guide / Guide Média
published by the Ottawa Rough Riders Football Club
 1987

Ottawa Rough Riders 1995 Fact Book
published by the Ottawa Rough Riders Football Club
1995 Ottawa Rough Riders

Toronto Argonauts ’89 Yearbook & Media Guide
published by the Toronto Argonauts Football Club
 1989

Sports Logo Guide – Third Edition
written by John M. Fulgano
published by The Sports Fanatic
San Ramon, California
1997 John M Fulgaro

The Vancouver Sun
October 24th 1998
published by Pacific Press
Vancouver, British Columbia

1997 & 1998 Attendance
kindly supplied courtesy of the Saskatchewan Roughriders Football Club

Canadian Junior Football League
http://www.cjfl.ca/

Ottawa Rough Riders Fan Page
http://roughriders.ottawa.com/history/coachrecord.html

Professional Football Researchers Association
http://www.geocities.com/Colosseum/Sideline/5960/contlg.htm

University of Western Ontario Mustangs
http://members.tripod.com/mustangfootball/overallrecord.htm

Many thanks to Jim Stevenson (Statistician – Ontario Football Conference) for kindly providing OFC material for 1984 to 2000
Many thanks to Mitch Soivenski of Hampton, New Hampshire for submitting errata corrections

Logos

[Canada 1] Canadian Football League (2019) CFL Logo [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/wp-content/themes/cfl.ca/images/og-image-default.jpg?_t=201902271522 [Accessed 20 May 2019]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to David Stewart-Candy

About this document

Data Compiled by Dave Stewart-Candy & Dave Clamen, (Canadian Football Almanac 1875-2012, unpublished, Vancouver 2012).

Edited by Enda Mulcahy

Kindly given to and edited by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American & World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 27 March 2021

(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2021

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.

World Football League Proposal 2050

World Football League Logo [Reference: 2]

Teams

UNITED CONFERENCEWORLD CONFERENCE
UFC EastWFC East
Washington RedskinsThe Hawaiians
Boston CelticsDelhi Bengals
Cleveland IndiansTokyo Chargers
Chicago BlackhawksSydney Rams
UFC NorthWFC North
Quebec NordiquesLondon Ravens
Edmonton EskimoesBerlin Colts
Toronto-Buffalo BillsMoscow Raiders
Vancouver CanucksStockholm Vikings
UFC SouthWFC South
Birmingham AmericansKenyan Crimson Tide
Notre Dame Fighting IrishJohannesburg Chiefs
Memphis SouthmenJerusalem Oilers
Atlanta BravesRome Cardinals
UFC WestWFC West
Austin TexansDublin City Storm
CDMX MexicasRio de Janeiro 49ers
The MayasLima Incas
Kansas City ChiefsHavana Browns
[References: 1]

Report

Given the recent round of North American Sports Teams announcing they are changing their nicknames due to offence caused to Native Americans and the power of the “Black Lives Matter” movement, Eirball wonders if these groups will “Take Back” the names and use them as a source of Pride in the their own leagues. Washington Redskins, Cleveland Indians and Edmonton Eskimoes recently announced they are dropping their moniker in favour of something more appropriate.

In this scenario by 2050 there will be a World Football League with a return of teams such as the Washington Redskins, Kansas City Chiefs, Edmonton Eskimoes (CFL), CDMX Mexicas (Mexico City), Mayas (LFA Mexico), The Hawaiians and Birmingham Americans (WFL 1974-1975), Austin Texans, Memphis Southmen and Birmingham Americans (USFL 1983-1985) as well as Baseball Teams Cleveland Indians, Atlanta Braves; Ice Hockey Teams Chicago Blackhawks, Vancouver Canucks, Quebec Nordiques; and Basketball Team Boston Celtics; NCAA team Notre Dame Fighting Irish.

In addition National Football League teams which have never settled anywhere in America or developed a sense of identity shall move around the World: London Ravens, Berlin Colts, Moscow Raiders, Rome Cardinals, Johannesburg Chiefs, Jerusalem Oilers, Tokyo Chargers, Sydney Rams, Delhi Bengals, Rio de Janeiro 49ers, Havana Browns and Toronto Buffaloes (Bills). New teams Kenyan Crimson Tide, Lima Incas and Dublin City storm to be added to bring the League up to 32 teams. These teams will be owned, staffed and played by Native players.

References

For References on each of the Leagues as well as much more information please see the following pages:

Images

[2] Birmingham Pro Sports (2019) Birmingham Americans History | Logo World Football League [Internet] Available from: https://www.birminghamprosports.com/birminghamamericans/logo%20world%20football%20league.jpg [Accessed 11 February 2019]

Websites

[1] NFL / Kevin Patra (2020) Washington retiring nickname, logo; new nickname TBD [Internet] Available from: https://www.nfl.com/news/washington-retires-nickname-logo-new-nickname-tbd [Accessed 14 July 2020]

Canadian Football Leagues: https://eirball.ie/canadian-football-leagues/

National Football League: https://eirball.ie/national-football-league-2/

American Football League Era 1920-1950: https://eirball.ie/american-football-leagues-era-1920-1950/

Mexican American Football Leagues: https://eirball.ie/mexican-american-football-leagues/

Japan American Football: https://eirball.ie/japanese-american-football/

United States Football Leagues Era 1960-1985: /https://eirball.ie/united-states-football-leagues-era-1960-1985/

Arena and Indoor Football Leagues: https://eirball.ie/arena-indoor-football-leagues/

European american Football: https://eirball.ie/european-american-football/

Women’s American Football (including Legends Leagues): https://eirball.ie/womens-american-football/

XFL Era Football Leagues: https://eirball.ie/xfl-football-leagues-era-1990-2020/

World American Football Leagues: https://eirball.ie/world-american-football/

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Todd Zboyan, Bart Barden, Bri Wallace, Sondra Maher, Decy Maher, Tom Gallagher and Carmine.

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish, North American & World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 27 January 2021

(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2021

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.

XFL and World Football League Timelines 1988-2019

World League of American Football Logo [Reference: 4]

World Football Leagues (1991-2019)

YearsLeague / Team
WORLD LEAGUE OF AMERICAN FOOTBALL
WLAF North American East
1991-1992New York / New Jersey Knights
1991Raleigh-Durham Skyhawks
1991-1992Montreal Machine
1991-1992Orlando Thunder
1992Ohio Glory (Columbus)
WLAF North American West
1991-1992Birmingham Fire
1991-1992San Antonio Riders
1991-1992Sacramento Surge
WLAF European Division
see NFL Europe
EUROPEAN LEAGUE OF AMERICAN FOOTBALL
ELAF UK Conference
1993EuroSteelers
1993EuroBears
1993EuroRaiders
1993EuroMonarchs
ELAF European Conference
1993Hamburg Blue Devils
1993Cologne Crocodiles
1993Munich Cowboys
1993EuroSpartans
AMERICAN FOOTBALL LEAGUE OF EUROPE
AFLE Northern
1994-1995Hamburg Blue Devils
1994-1995Helsinki Roosters
1994-1995Berlin Bears
1994-1995Stockholm Nordic Vikings
1994-1995Sheffield GB Spartans
1994Frankfurt Knights
AFLE Central
1994-1995Amsterdam Crusaders
1994-1995Bergamo Lions
1994-1995Munich Thunder
1995Frankfurt Gamblers
NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE EUROPE
1991-1996London Monarchs
1991-2007Frankfurt Galaxy
1991-2004Barcelona Dragons
1995-2001Scottish Claymores
1995-2007Amsterdam Admirals
1995-2007Rhein Fire
1998-2007Berlin Thunder
2002-2007Cologne Crocodiles
2005-2007Hamburg Sea Devils
ELITE FOOTBALL LEAGUE OF INDIA
EFLI East
2012Colombo Lions
2012Delhi Defenders
2012Kandy Skykings
2012Kolkata Vipers
EFLI West
2012Pune Marathas
2012Bangalore Warhawks
2012Mumbai Gladiators
2012Pakistan Wolfpack
EUROPEAN SUPER LEAGUE
ESL Topliga
2019Vilnius Iron Wolves
2019Kaunas Dukes
2019Warsaw Eagles
2019Bydgoszcz Archers
2019Krakow Tigers
2019Zabki Dukes
ESL East European Super League
2019Moscow Spartans
2019St. Petersburg North Legion
2019St. Petersburg Grifins
2019Minsk Litvins
World Football Leagues (1991-2019) [Reference: 1-69]

XFLs (1988-2020)

XFL Logo [Reference: XFL 2020 (8)]
YearsLeague / Teams
CANADIAN FOOTBALL LEAGUE USA
CFL East
1988-??Montreal Concordes
1993-1995Baltimore Stallions
1994-1995Shreveport Pirates
1994-1995Birmingham Barracudas
2001-2004Ottawa Renegades
CFL West
1994-1995Sacramento Gold Miners
1994-1995Las Vegas Posse
1994-1995Memphis Mad Dogs
1994-1995San Antonio Texans
SPRING FOOTBALL LEAGUE
2000Houston Marshals
2000San Antonio Matadors
2000Los Angeles Dragons
2000Miami Tropics
XFL 2001
XFL East
2001Orlando Rage
2001Chicago Enforcers
2001New York / New Jersey Hitmen
2001Birmmingham Thunderbolts
XFL West
2001Los Angeles Xtreme
2001San Francisco Demons
2001Memphis Maniax
2001Las Vegas Outlaws
UNITED FOOTBALL LEAGUE
2009-2011Florida Tuskers (Orlando)
2009-2011New York Sentinels
2009-2011Hartford Colonials
2009-2011Virginia Destroyers
2009-2011Las Vegas Locomotives
2009-2011Omaha Nighthawks
2009-2011California Redwoods (San Jose)
2009-2011Sacramento Mountain Lions
STARS FOOTBALL LEAGUE
2011New Orleans Jazz
2011-2013Daytona Beach Racers
2011Michigan Coyotes
2011-2013Fort Lauderdale Barracudas
2012Fort Myers Swamp Dogs
2013Miami Iron Men
2013Pompano Beach Swamp Dogs
FALL XPERIMENTAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE (FXFL)
2014-2015Brooklyn Bolts
2014Omaha Mammoths
2014-2015Blacktips
2014Boston Brawlers
2015Hudson Valley Fort
THE SPRING LEAGUE (TSL)
TSL Austin / Las Vegas
2017-2019Team North
2017-2019Team South
2017-2019Team East
2017-2019Team West
2019Austin Generals
2020Las Vegas Hughes
TSL San Antonio
2020Generals
2020Aviators
2020Alphas
2020Conquerors
2020Blues
2020Jousters
ALLIANCE OF AMERICAN FOOTBALL
AAF Eastern
2019Orlando Apollos
2019Birmingham Iron
2019Memphis Express
2019Atlanta Legends
AAF Western
2019San Antonio Commanders
2019Arizona Hotshots
2019San Diego Fleet
2019Salt Lake Stallions
XFL 2020
XFL Eastern
2020DC Defenders
2020St. Louis Battlehawks
2020New York Guardians
2020Tampa Bay Vipers
XFL Western
2020Houston Roughnecks
2020Dallas Renegades
2020Los Angeles Wildcats
2020Seattle Dragons
XFLs (1988-2020) [References: See References for Each League Below]

Report

Starting with the World League of American Football in 1991 to 1992, which continued from 1995 to 2007 as a Europe-Only Development League of the National Football League, there has been numerous attempts at starting a Professional American Football League outside North America. From 1993 to 1995 European American Football teams started their ownn Pro League, which ended after the NFL restarted the WLAF in 1995. In 2012 former NFL coaches and players started the Elite Football League of India, and in 2019, teams in Poland, Lithuania, Russia and Belrus started the European Super League. Emmett Waldron, who was born in Cork, played for the Scottish Claymores in the WLAF / NFL Europe League from 1995 to 1998.

As well as attempts to start leagues outside North America, there has been attemptsat starting a rival league to the NFL, with the first such attempt since the USFL of the 1980s, being the Canadian Football League’s attempts to start a United States Divison which lasted from 1993 to 1995.A four-team Spring League was played in 2000 but failed due to the start of the XFL in 2001, which failed also, due this time to its product been seen as too different from standard American Football. From 2009 to 2011 the United Football League played as an NFL Development League and from 2011 to 2013 (Stars Football League), 2014 to 2015 (Fall Experimental Football League) and 2017-2020 (The Spring League) attempts were made to play a Pro League in just one locality. Major Pro Leagues returned in 2019 with the Alliance of American Football, which went bankruot after 8 weeks, and the XFL 2020, which lasted five weeks but shut down due to the COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic.

Emmett Waldron’s Jersey for the Scottish Claymores (1996-1999) [Reference: 2]

Bibliography

[1] Maher, Todd & Gill, Bob (2013) Canadian Pro Football Encyclopedia Historical Highlights pg. 1-2. Maher Sports Media, 2013.

Images

[2] World League of American Football (2020) 96claymoresawayjersey50rs.jpg.w300h350 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/.pond/96claymoresawayjersey50rs.jpg.w300h350.jpg [Accessed 17 September 2020]

Websites

[4] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF Logo [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/WLAFlogo.gif [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[5] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1991 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id165.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[6] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1992 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id166.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[7] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1995 [Interne] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id170.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[8] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1996 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id171.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[9] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1997 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id172.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[10] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1998 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id173.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[11] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1999 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id174.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[12] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2000 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id175.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[13] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2001 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id176.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[14] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2002 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id177.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[15] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2003 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id178.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[16] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2004 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id179.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[17] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2005 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id180.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[18] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2006 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id181.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[19] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2007 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id182.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

Newspapers

[20] Naughton, Lindie (1996) US FOOTBALL Evening Herald. Thursday, 29 February 1996. pg 62 [Internet] Available from: http://archive.irishnewsarchive.com/Olive/APA/INA/Print.Article.aspx?mode=image&href=EHD%2F1996%2F02%2F29&id=Ar06206 [Accessed 5 July 2017]

Images

[21] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF Logo [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/WLAFlogo.gif [Accessed 23 April 2018]

Websites

[22] Google Groups – rec.sport.football.misc (1994) Message by Ludwig Alberter – 5 September 1994 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/oNVilaWhNSY [Accessed 21 August 2018]

[23] Google Groups – rec.sport.football.misc (1994) Message by Dominik Kubla – 5 November 1994 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/BRx_xxVsAoY [Accessed 21 August 2018]

Sources

[24] FD Reporter (1995) “Terry Launches Second Coming” First Down, May 20, 1995, P. 18.

[25] Rowlands, Neil (1995) “It’s back to the good old Haze!” First Down, May 27, 1995, P. 22.

[26] Anon. (1995) “I’ll give any unhappy fans money back” First Down, June 10, 1995, P. 18.

[27] Myatt, Steve (1995) “Sedin Death!” First Down, June 17, 1995, P. 21.

[28] Myatt, Steve (1995) “Defensive Disaster sees Spartans crumble to 0-5” First Down, July 15, 1995, P. 18.

[29] Anon. (1995) “We can bounce back, says Tel” First Down, July 1, 1995, P. 18.

[30] FD Reporter (1995) “Sitting on the dock of a bay” First Down, August 5, 1995, P. 19.

Online Encyclopedia

[31] Enciclopedia del Football Italiano (2019) American Football League Europe 1995 [Internet] Available from: http://www.warriorsbologna.it/public/Enciclopedia/PDF/1995_afle_eur.pdf [Accessed 4 December 2019]

News Groups

[32] Google Groups | rec.sport.football.misc (1995) [FLE] Schedule of 1995 Season | Post by Domink Kubla 27 May 1995 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/6Y8ECEnsSi0 [Accessed 8 August 2018]

[33] Google Groups | rec.sport.football.misc (1995) [FLE] Latest News and first result | Post by Domink Kubla 2 June 1995 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/j1J9u7pcYPo [Accessed 8 August 2018]

[34] Canadian Football League (2019) Standings | 2002 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/standings/?season=2002 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

[35] Canadian Football League (2019) Standings | 2003 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/standings/?season=2003 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

[36] Canadian Football League (2019) Standings | 2004 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/standings/?season=2004 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

[37] Canadian Football League (2019) Schedule | 2004 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/schedule/?season=2004 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

[38] Canadian Football League (2019) Standings | 2005 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/standings/?season=2005 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

[39] Canadian Football League (2019) Schedule | 2005 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/schedule/?season=2005 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

Internet Archive

[40] United Football League | Internet Archive (2010) Schedule 2009 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20100102212241/http://www.ufl-football.com/schedule [Accessed 13 August 2019]

[41] United Football League | Internet Archive (2011) Schedule 2010 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20110609043730/http://www.ufl-football.com/schedule [Accessed 13 August 2019]

[42] United Football League | Internet Archive (2011) Schedule 2011 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20111026023511/http://www.ufl-football.com/schedule [Accessed 13 August 2019]

Bibliography

[43] Maher, Todd & Gill, Bob (2013) Canadian Pro Football Encyclopedia | The Annual Record pg. 108-110. Maher Sports Media, 2013.

[44] Maher, Todd & Gill, Bob (2013) Canadian Pro Football Encyclopedia | The Game Scores pg. 5-10. Maher Sports Media, 2013.

Online Encyclopedias

[45] Wikipedia (2016) 2012 Elite Football League of India Season [Internet] Available from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012_Elite_Football_League_of_India_season [Accessed 23 October 2016]

Internet Archive

[46] LFL Canada | Internet Archive (2012) LFL Canada | 2012-13 | Standings [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20121119013016/http://lflcanada.com/standings.php [Accessed 31 August 2019]

[47] De La Fuente, Marcus (2012) LINGERIE BOWL I: HANSON & GARCIA LIGHT UP THE FIELD FOR BC AS MISSED OPPORTUNITIES AND MISTAKES PLAGUE SASKATOON LFL Canada | Internet Archive [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20121205072904/http://www.lfl360.com/articles/lingerie-bowl-i-hanson-garcia-light-field-bc-missed-opportunities-mistakes-plague-saskatoon/ [Accessed 31 August 2019]

Websites

[48] Brian O’Reilly – Irish Independent (2014) February 13 2014: Video: Irish woman becomes star of Australia’s Lingerie Football League [Internet] Availabble from: https://www.independent.ie/sport/other-sports/video-irish-woman-becomes-star-of-australias-lingerie-football-league-30007193 [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[49] LFL 360 (2013) NSW Surge vs QLD Brigade – The inaugural Australian LFL game [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/australia/new-south-wales-surge/nsw-surge-qld-brigade-the-inaugural-australian-lfl-game/ [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[50] LFL 360 (2013) A Packed Stadium and Upset Win Add to an Ulnikely Maiden Voyage [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/australia/packed-stadium-upset-win-add-maiden-voyage/ [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[51] LFL 360 (2013) Heavenly Debut for the Angels [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/australia/heavenly-debut-angels/ [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[52] LFL 360 (2013) A Surge Capsizes Maiden Voyage, NSW 36 VIC 12 [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/australia/surge-capsizes-maiden-voyage-34-12-sydney [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[53] LFL 360 (2014) Massacre on the Gold Coast, Angels soar above Brigade 41-0 [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/australia/massacre-gold-coast-angels-soar-brigade-41-0 [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[54] LFL 360 (2014) LFL Australia: Articles [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/category/australia/ [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[55] LFL 360 (2014) LFL Australia: Articles – Page 2 [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/category/australia/page/2/ [Accessed 6 May 2018]

Websites

[56] Arena Fan (2016) China Arena Football League Standings [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20161107032211/http://www.arenafan.com/statistics/?page=standings&league=4 [Accessed 31 August 2019]

[57] Morninghof, Mick (2016) Beijing Wins CAFL Bowl on Final Play [Internet] Available from: http://caflfootball.com/beijing-wins-cafl-china-bowl-on-final-play/ [Accessed 31 August 2019]

[58] Morninghof, Mick (2016) Shanghai Takes Third With 57-52 Win [Internet] Available from: http://caflfootball.com/shanghai-takes-third-with-57-52-win/ [Accessed 31 August 2019]

[59] Morninghof, Mick (2016) Naja Finish at .500 With 46-30 Win Over Dalian [Internet] Available from: http://caflfootball.com/shanghai-takes-third-with-57-52-win/ [Accessed 31 August 2019]

[60] China Arena Football League (2019) CAFL 2019 Competition Breakdown! [Internet] Available from: http://caflfootball.com/cafl-2019-competition-breakdown/ [Accessed 3 December 2019]

[61] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, November 13, 2019: ” Final Score from Shenyang: Beijing 28 Shenyang 0 “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2768277399901933 [Accessed 3 December 2019]

[62] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, November 22, 2019” Final Score in Wuhan: Gators 40 Shanghai 0 “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2791563504239989 [Accessed 3 December 2019]

[63] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, December 6, 2019” Half way through Match Play and Day 1 of the CAFL Championship Tournament and here are the scores:  [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2823067901089549 [Accessed 10 December 2019]

[64] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, December 6, 2019 The first day is complete and here is how the teams finished in day 1 of Match Play of the CAFL 2019 Championship Tournament. “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2823301561066183 [Accessed 10 December 2019]

[65] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, December 8, 2019” The Shenyang Black Rhinos take home the 3rd Place OF THE CAFL 2029 Championship Tournament with an 18-6 win over the Shanghai Legends.  [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2827977440598595 [Accessed 10 December 2019]

[66] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, December 8, 2019” What an epic battle as the CAFL 2019 Tournament Championship Game gave fans all that they could ask for as the Wuhan Gators came from behind in regulation to tie the score and take the game to overtime to defeat the 2016 champions Beijing Lions 30-22.  “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2827996027263403 [Accessed 10 December 2019]

[67] Arena Football League (2019) Official Statement [Internet] Available from: https://www.arenafootball.com/article/nov27-statement [Accessed 3 December 2019]

Social Media

[68] Pretty Girls Football League Facebook Page (2017) Post June 27, 2017: “Se ha llegado la hora,” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/LigaPGFL/posts/1481540131916233 [Accessed 8 October 2018]

[69] Pretty Girls Football League Facebook Page (2017) Post July 16, 2017: “Marcador final
Cougars Veracruz 12 – 28 Valkirias Slp”
 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/LigaPGFL/posts/1505052382898341:0 [Accessed 8 October 2018]

References (Spring Football League 2000)

[1] Remember the SFL (2019) History [Internet] Available from: https://sites.google.com/site/rememberthesfl/history [Accessed 31 December 2019]

[2] Remember the SFL (2019) Standings [Internet] Available from: https://sites.google.com/site/rememberthesfl/standings [Accessed 31 December 2019]

Websites (Stars Football League)

[2] Stars Football League (2011) SFL ANNOUNCES 1-2-3 RULE AFTER TOUCHDOWNS [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/sfl-announces-1-2-3-rule-touchdowns/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[3] Stars Football League (2011) FOOTBALL HISTORY WAS MADE WHEN THE JAZZ-BARRACUDA GAME WAS TIED USING THE SFL’S UNIQUE 1-2-3 RULE. [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/jazz-barracuda-game-tied-sfl-unique-1-2-3-rule/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[4] Stars Football League (2011) DAYTONA BEACH RACERS BEST FT. LAUDERDALE BARRACUDAS 31-28. [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/daytona-beach-racers-ft-lauderdale-barracudas-31-28/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[5] Stars Football League (2011) SFL WRAPS UP FIRST SEASON THE NEW ORLEANS JAZZ 21; THE MICHIGAN COYOTES 6. [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/playing-spring-years-come/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[6] Stars Football League (2012) FT. MYERS SWAMP DOGS BEATS THE FT. LAUDERDALE BARRACUDAS [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/ft-meyers-swamp-dogs-beats-ft-lauderdale-barracudas/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[7] Stars Football League (2012) DAYTONA BEACH RACERS RECORDS 1ST VICTORY OF THE YEAR [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/daytona-beach-racers-records-1st-victory-year/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[8] Stars Football League (2012) THE DAYTONA BEACH RACERS DEFEATS THE FT. LAUDERDALE BARRACUDAS [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/daytona-beach-racers-beat-ft-lauderdale-barracudas/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[9] Stars Football League (2012) THE FT. LAUDERDALE BARRACUDAS DEFEAT THE FT. MYERS SWAMP DOGS [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/ft-lauderdale-barracudas-defeat-ft-meyers-swamp-dogs/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[10] Stars Football League (2012) SFL’S FIRST CHAMPIONSHIP GAME [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/2572/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[11] Stars Football League (2012) THE SFL PRESIDENT’S CHAMPION TROPHY [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/sfl-presidents-champion-trophy/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[12] Stars Football League (2011) SFL GOES TO NEW 1234 POINT RULE [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/sfl-new1234-point-rule/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[13] Stars Football League (2013) SFL 2013 SCHEDULE FINALIZED [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/sfl-2013-schedule-finalized/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[14] Stars Football League (2013) THE SWAMPDOGS AND IRONMEN VICTORIOUS IN WEEK 1 [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/racers-ironmen-victorious-week-1/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[15] Stars Football League (2013) MIAMI IRONMEN LEAD STANDINGS AFTER DECISIVE VICTORY OVER DAYTONA [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/miami-ironmen-lead-standings/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[16] Stars Football League (2013) PLAYOFF SCHEDULE FINALIZED [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/playoff-playoff-schedule-finalized/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[17] Stars Football League (2013) TEAM INFO – DAYTONA BEACH RACERS [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/team-info/daytona-beach-racers/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[18] Stars Football League (2013) MIAMI HEADED TO PRESIDENTS CUP GAME [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/miami-headed-presidents-cup-game/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[19] Stars Football League (2013) THE STAGE IS SET FOR THE THIRD ANNUAL PRESIDENTS CUP [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/news/stage-set-annual-presidents-cup/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

[20] Stars Football League (2013) TEAM INFO – POMPANO BEACH SWAMPDOGS [Internet] Available from: http://starsfootballleague.com/team-info/gm-head-coach-ft-myers-swampdogs-football-club/ [Accessed 11 April 2020]

References (FXFL)

You Tube

[1] You Tube | FXFL Football Channel (2014) FXFL Presented by Nivea Men Boston at Omaha Highlights, Nov 6, 2014 [0:09] [Internet] Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FSIejJnIa_U [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[2] You Tube | FXFL Football Channel (2014) FXFL Highlights presented by NIVEA MEN – Blacktips at Brooklyn, Nov 8, 2014 [2:01][Internet] Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pq_-zc-K2DM [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[3] You Tube | FXFL Football Channel (2014) FXFL Highlights Brooklyn at Boston – Halloween Night, Nov 1, 2014 [Internet] Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lo4sB_VeQI [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[4] You Tube | FXFL Football Channel (2014) FXFL Highlights Presented by NIVEA MEN- Omaha at Brooklyn, Oct 27, 2014 [5:13] [Internet] Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b0-i0pUU4XU [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[5] You Tube | FXFL Football Channel (2014) FXFL Week #2 Boston at Brooklyn, Oct 16, 2014 [0:02][Internet] Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ll58VNJBOTU [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[6] You Tube | FXFL Football Channel (2014) FXFL Opening Night Recap – National TV, Oct 9, 2014 [0:03][Internet] Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AHPasGcAnMs [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[7] You Tube | Jeff Buss (2019) FXFL Omaha @ Brooklyn (October 24, 2014), Dec 31, 2019 [Internet] Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jps0DsyZ23A [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[8] You Tube | cflvideo1964 (2015) FXFL 2014 BOSTON BRAWLERS AT OMAHA MAMMOTHS, Apr 4, 2015 [Internet] Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r8FcOGnV4Dg [Accessed 24 January 2020]

Internet Archive

[9] Omaha World-Herald | Wayback Machine (2014) Missed extra point helps Mammoths survive [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20151128214125/http://www.omaha.com/sports/missed-extra-point-helps-mammoths-survive/article_a54427f4-55d4-5806-aaaf-726c8b899a62.html [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[10] FXFL | Wayback Machine (2016) Home [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20160129101535/http://gofxfl.com/ [Accessed 24 January 2020]

References (The Spring League)

Social Media

[1] The Spring League (2017) Post “Game 1 of the Spring League season is in the books. The West beat the East, 10-6. Re-watch the broadcast right here.” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/videos/1922228818055558/[Accessed 24 January 2020]

[2] The Spring League (2017) Post April 16, 2017 “It’s a final from the Greenbrier: Hutson Mason’s North team edges the South squad, 14-10, in Game 2 of the weekend.” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/photos/a.1870863563192084/1923935811218192/?type=3 [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[3] The Spring League (2017) Post “Game 2 of the 2017 Spring League season is in the books, with the North beating the South, 14-10. You can re-watch most of the broadcast here. Note: the feed went out in the second half due to inclement weather.” [Internet] Available from:https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/videos/1922762241335549/ [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[4] The Spring League (2019) Videos April 7 2018 ““Running back Kalif Phillips follows up a 47 yard run with this short TD to seal it for #TeamWest”” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/videos/2102745346670570/ [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[5] The Spring League (2018) Videos April 13 2018 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/videos/2105339876411117/ [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[6] The Spring League (2017) Post April 13, 2018 “Relive the best moments of today’s first game between Team South and Team West, including Johnny Manziel’s Spring League finale. #TheSpringLeague” [0:18] [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=2105339876411117[Accessed 24 January 2020]

[7] The Spring League (2017) Post March 21, 2019 “#ATX, we got you covered. For #TheSpringLeague 2019, Team South will go by a new hometown name: The Austin Generals.” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/posts/2337204383224664[Accessed 24 January 2020]

[8] The Spring League (2017) Post April 7, 2019 “OFFICIAL BOX SCORE FROM GAME 1 Team West 36 Team North 6” [Internet] Available from:https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/posts/2347421552202947 [Accessed 24 January 2020]

[9] The Spring League (2017) Post April 7, 2019 “OFFICIAL BOX SCORE FROM GAME 2 Austin Generals 13 Team North 6” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/posts/2347422305536205[Accessed 25 January 2020]

[10] The Spring League (2017) Post April 13 2019 “The Austin Generals closed The Spring League undefeated. Check out the full box score and play by play below of the Generals win over TSL West. Austin Generals 32 TSL West 13” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/posts/2350788071866295 [Accessed 25 January 2020]

Images

[11] The Spring League (2017) Profile Picture August 13, 2019 [Internet] Available from: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/68494309_2435273623417739_8497449137069883392_n.jpg?_nc_cat=101&_nc_ohc=osM0If13hRYAX9kbxYM&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=3d2ef90b030c12beaf5c4be4b091d540&oe=5E9E9711%5BAccessed 25 January 2020]

[12] The Spring League (2017) Post April 13, 2019″The Austin Generals closed The Spring League undefeated. Check out the full box score and play by play below of the Generals win over TSL West. Austin Generals 32 TSL West 13″ [Internet] Available from: https://external-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/safe_image.php?d=AQBcmXVvDeOXu5NA&w=540&h=282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fthespringleague.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2019%2F04%2FJGZ10040.jpg&cfs=1&upscale=1&fallback=news_d_placeholder_publisher&_nc_hash=AQAhwenzQm3mN8Ue [Accessed 25 January 2020]

Websites

[13] The Spring League (2017) Post March 7, 2020″Game 1 ends with a final score of: Las Vegas Hughes: 14 TSL North: 7″ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/photos/a.1870863563192084/2630097563935343/?type=3 [Accessed 8 June 2020]

[14] The Spring League (2017) Post March 7, 2020″Game 2 has gone final! TSL North: 14 TSL East: 7″ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/photos/a.1870863563192084/2630133173931782/?type=3  [Accessed 8 June 2020]

[15] The Spring League (2017) Post March 11, 2020″DB Brandon Brice seals the game for Las Vegas capping off the final play with a pick-6. Las Vegas Hughes: 17 TSL East: 6″ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/photos/a.1870863563192084/2633474570264309/?type=3  [Accessed 8 June 2020]

Social Media

[16] The Spring League (2020) Post March 23, 2020: ″Since 2017, the year #TheSpringLeague began play, 229 of our players have been signed to pro football contracts #NFL: 90 #CFL: 51 #AAF: 55 #XFL: 33″ [Internet] Available from:  https://www.facebook.com/thespringleague/posts/2643855175892915 [Accessed 8 June 2020]

Websites (XFL 2001)

[1] Remember the XFL (2017) XFL Final Standings [Internet] Available from: http://sites.google.com/site/rememberthexfl/standings [Accessed 3 February 2017]

Websites (XFL 2020)

[1] XFL (2020) XFL Standings [Internet] Available from: https://stats.xfl.com/standings/ [Accessed 31 March 2020]

[2] XFL (2020) Schedule [Internet] Available from: https://www.xfl.com/en-US/articles/xfl-releases-2020-schedule [Accessed 26 October 2019]

[3] XFL (2020) Schedule through Week 5 [Internet] Available from: https://www.xfl.com/2020-schedule [Accessed 31 March 2020]

[4] XFL (2020) XFL Statement on COVID-19 [Internet] Available from: https://www.xfl.com/articles/xfl-statement-covid-19 [Accessed 26 October 2019]

[5] XFL (2020) A Thank You to All Our Fans [Internet] Available from: https://www.xfl.com/articles/a-thank-you-to-our-fans [Accessed 31 March 2020]

[6] XFL (2020) XFL in the News – The Latest [Internet] Available from: https://www.xfl.com/articles/xfl-in-the-news-the-latest [Accessed 31 March 2020]

Sources

[7] First Down (2001) Issues from Spring 2001

Images

[8] Wikipedia (2019) XFL 2020 Logo [Internet] Available from: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Logo_of_the_XFL.svg/1200px-Logo_of_the_XFL.svg.png [Accessed 24 September 2019]

Websites (Alliance of American Football)

[1] Alliance of American Football (2019) Standings [Internet] Available from: https://aaf.com/standings [Accessed 4 April 2019]

[2] Alliance of American Football (2019) Scores [Internet] Available from: https://aaf.com/scores [Accessed 4 April 2019]

Internet Archive (United Football League 2009-2011)

[1] United Football League | Internet Archive (2010) Schedule 2009 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20100102212241/http://www.ufl-football.com/schedule [Accessed 13 August 2019]

[2] United Football League | Internet Archive (2011) Schedule 2010 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20110609043730/http://www.ufl-football.com/schedule [Accessed 13 August 2019]

[3] United Football League | Internet Archive (2011) Schedule 2011 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20111026023511/http://www.ufl-football.com/schedule [Accessed 13 August 2019]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Joe Grey (Dublin Dragons) Sean Douglas (Dublin Rebels & UCD) Fiona Corrigan, Caoimhe Mullaney, Alan Delaney; Cillian Smith, Michael Smith, Ralph Schmeer, and Michael Brophy (IAFA).

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 10 July 2020

(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2020

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Robert Burns.

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American & World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 10 December 2020

(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2020

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.

Major League Gridiron Teams 1873-2022

National, Canadian, Mexican, X and World Teams 1873-2022

NumberTeamYear Founded
Canadian Football League
1Toronto Argonauts1873
3Ottawa Rough Riders1907
7Winnipeg Blue Bombers1930
13Edmonton Eskimoes1938
14Calgary Stampeders1945
15Saskatchewan Roughriders1946
16Montreal Alouettes1946
19Hamilton Tiger-Cats1950
21British Columbia Lions1954
38Atlantic Schooners1982
XFL
2St. Louis Cardinals 1898
12Los Angeles Rams1936
17Cleveland Browns1946
18San Francisco 49ers1946
20Baltimore Colts1953
24Houston Oilers1960
25San Diego Chargers1960
27Buffalo Bills1960
30Oakland Raiders1960
35Cincinnati Bengals1969
National Football League
4Chicago Bears1920
5Green Bay Packers1921
6New York Giants1924
8Detroit Lions1930
9Washington Presidents1932
10Pittsburgh Steelers1933
11Philadelphia Eagles1933
22Kansas City Chiefs1960
23Denver Broncos1960
26New York Jets1960
28New England Patriots1960
29Dallas Cowboys1960
31Minnesota Vikings1961
32Atlanta Falcons1966
33Miami Dolphins1967
34New Orleans Saints1968
36Tampa Bay Buccaneers1976
37Seattle Seahawks1976
39Carolina Panthers 1995
40Jacksonville Jaguars1995
41Baltimore Ravens1996
42Tennessee Titans1997
43Houston Texans2002
52Las Vegas Raiders2020
Liga Football Americano Mexico
44Condors CDMX2016
45Mayas2016
46Mexicas CDMX2016
47Raptors Edomex2016
48Fundidores Monterrey2017
49Artilleros Puebla2018
50Osos Toluca2018
51Pioneros Queretaro2019
National Football League World
53Berlin Colts2022
54Ireland Bengals2022
55London Ravens2022
56Rome Cardinals2022
57Mexico City Browns2022
58Los Angeles Rams2022
59Tokyo Chargers2022
60Toronto Bills2022
National, Canadian, Mexican, X and World Major League Football Teams 1873-2022

Report

This is just a Fantasy League conjecture of what happens after the NFL moves teams to Europe and the Rest of the World, and the XFL replaces them in the USA.

References

Bibliography

[1] National Football League (2014) “Past Standings” 2014 Official NFL Record & Factbook” pg. 350-399. National football League, Time Home Entertainment. 2014.

[2] Maher, Todd & Gill, Bob (2013) Canadian Pro Football EncyclopediaHistorical Highlights pg. 1-2. Maher Sports Media, 2013.

Websites

[3] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Standings [Internet] Available from: http://lfa.mx/home/standings/ [Accessed 20 January 2018]

[4] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Calendario [Internet] Available from: http://lfa.mx/home/calendario/ [Accessed 14 April 2018]

[5] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Standings [Internet] Available from: http://lfa.mx/standings/ [Accessed 14 April 2018]

[6] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Calendario [Internet] Available from: http://lfa.mx/calendario/ [Accessed 14 April 2018]

[7] American Football International (2016) Mayas Win First Liga de Football Americano Championship Game In Mexico [Internet] available from: http://www.americanfootballinternational.com/mayas-win-first-liga-de-futboll-americano-championship-game-mexico/ [accessed 5 August 2018]

[8] LFA Mexico (2019) Standings [Internet] Available from: https://lfa.mx/standings/ [Accessed 15 April 2019]

[10] Liga Football Americano Mexico (2020) Standings [Internet] Available from: https://lfa.mx/standings-lfa-2020/ [Accessed 17 April 2020]

Internet Archive

[9] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Standings [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20161106181310/http://lfa.mx/home/standings/ [Accessed 20 January 2018]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Decy Maher and John Kane.

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish, North American & World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 12 June 2020

(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2020

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.AdvertisementsAdvertisements

European American Football NFL Europe Era Timeline 1972-Present

National Football League Europe Logos [Ref: 63]

National Football League International 1960-Present

Designated Home Team (Host City)Years
National Football League Intercontinental1960-1993
Chicago Bears (Toronto)1960
Detroit Lions (Montreal)1969
Pittsburgh Steelers (Montreal)1969
NFL Bleu (Paris)1972
NFL Rouge (Paris)1972
St. Louis Cardinals (Tokyo)1976
New Orleans Saints (Mexico City)1978
Tampa Bay Bandits (USFL)(London)1984
Minnesota Vikings (Goteborg)1988
Cleveland Browns (Toronto) #1993
NFL American Bowl / International Series1995-Present
Minnesota Vikings (London)1983^; 2013
St. Louis / Los Angeles Rams (London)1987+; 2012, 16-17, 19
Miami Dolphins (London)1988+, 2007, 2015, 2017
New Orleans Saints (London)1990+, 2008
San Francisco 49ers (London)1992+, 2010
Buffalo Bills (Toronto)1995+; 2008-2013 [35]
National Football League American Bowl1986-2019
Chicago Bears (London)1986
New York Jets (Montreal)1988
Los Angeles Rams (Tokyo)1989
Philadelphia Eagles (London)1989
Denver Broncos (Tokyo)1990, 1995
Pittsburgh Steelers (Montreal)1990
Los Angeles Rams (Berlin)1990
Buffalo Bills (London)1991
San Francisco 49ers (Berlin)1991
Miami Dolphins (Tokyo)1991
Houston Oilers (Tokyo)1992
Miami Dolphins (Berlin)1992
Dallas Cowboys (London)1993
New Orleans Saints (Tokyo)1993
San Francisco 49ers (Barcelona)1993
Minnesota Vikings (Berlin)1993
Los Angeles Raiders (Barcelona)1994
Minnesota Vikings (Tokyo)1994
New York Giants (Berlin)1994
Houston Oilers (Mexico City)1994
San Diego Chargers (Tokyo)1996
Kansas City Chiefs (Monterrey)1996
Pittsburgh Steelers (Dublin)1997
Miami Dolphins (Mexico City)1997
Green Bay Packers (Toronto)1997
Green Bay Packers (Tokyo)1998
San Francisco 49ers (Vancouver)1998
New England Patriots (Tokyo)1998
Denver Broncos (Sydney)1999
Atlanta Falcons (Tokyo)2000; 2005
Indianapolis Colts (Mexico City)2000
Dallas Cowboys (Mexico City)2001
Washington Redskins (Osaka)2002
Tampa Bay Buccaneers (Tokyo)2003
National Football League International Series2005-2019
Arizona Cardinals (Mexico City)2005 [33]
Tampa Bay Buccaneers (London)2009, 2011, 2019
Jacksonville Jaguars (London)2013-2019
Atlanta Falcons (London)2014
Oakland Raiders (London)2014; 2018-2019
Kansas City Chiefs (London)2015
Cincinnati Bengals (London)2016
Cleveland Browns (London)2017
Los Angeles Chargers (London)2018
Los Angeles Chargers (Mexico City)2019
Green Bay Packers (Winnipeg) ^2019
NFL American Bowl & International Series 1976-2019

# International Series Match. + American Bowl Match. ^ Non-International Series Preseason Exhibition match.

National Football League Europe Era (1991-Present)

TeamYears
World League of American Football (North American Teams)1991-1992
New York / New Jersey Knights
Orlando Thunder
Montreal Machine
Raleigh-Durham Skyhawks
Birmingham Fire
San Antonio Riders
Sacramento Surge
Ohio Glory (Columbus)
European League Continental Conference1993
Hamburg Blue Devils (also AFLE)
Cologne Crocodiles
Munich Cowboys
Euro Spartans (Leicester)
European League UK Conference1993
EuroBears (Leicester)
EuroRaiders (Leicester)
EuroSteelers (Leicester)
EuroMonarchs (Leicetser)
American Football League of Europe1994-1995
Stockholm Nordic Vikings
Berlin Bears
Helsinki Roosters
Frankfurt Knights
Hamburg Blue Devils (also ELCC)
Munich Thunder
Amsterdam Crusaders (also IFAFE Big 6)
Sheffield GB Spartans
Frankfurt Gamblers
Bergamo Lions
National Football League Europe League1995-2007
London Monarchs (also WLAF)
Barcelona Dragons (also WLAF)
Amsterdam Admirals
Scottish Claymores (Edinburgh)
Rhein Fire
Frankfurt Galaxy (also WLAF)
Berlin Thunder
Cologne Crocodiles
Hamburg Sea Devils
Central European Football League2006-2016
Stirmium Legionaires
Ljubljana Silverhawks
Cineplexx Blue Devils
Project Spielberg Graz Giants
Zagreb Patriots
Kranj Alp Devils
Sarajevo Spartans
Domzale Tigers
Bratislava Monarchs
Budapest Docler Wolves
Budapest Cowboys
Budapest Cowbells
Nis Imperatori
Indija Indians
Istanbul Cavaliers
Vukovi Beograd
Novi Sad Dukes
ASVO / CNC Gladiators
Kragujevac Wild Boars
International Federation of American Football Europe Big 62016-Present
Schwabisch-Hall Unicorns
Berlin Adler
Braunschweig New Yorker Lions
Frankfurt Samsung Universe
Raiffeisen Vikings Vienna
Amsterdam Crusaders (also AFLE)
La Corneuve Flash
Aix-en-Provence Argonautes
Badalona Dracs
Milano Seamen
National Football League Europe Teams Timeline (1991-Present) [Ref: 2-62]

Report

The National Football League played its first match in Europe in Paris in 1972 as part of the Intercontintal Football League promotion, between NFL Bleu and NFL Rouge, two teams of National Football League players. The following 10 years saw more matches played, including a USFL match.

The National Football League played the first American Bowl, a series of Preseason matches in London, Berlin, Barcelona and Dublin in 1983, and these continued until 1997.

In 1991 the NFL set up the World League of American Football with seven teams in North America (including one in Canada) and three in Europe. It scrapped the League after two seasons.

In 1993 the European League was a venture featuring three German teams and 5 English teams playing a limited schedule. In 1994 this league morphed into the American Football League of europe, featuring 8 teams and playing a 10-game season, with teams throughout Northern and Central Europe.

The AFL Europe was cut short after the 1995 season, as that year saw the return of the World League of American Football which was now a Europe-only League with 6 teams. It was renamed the NFL Europe League in 1998, and by the time the National Football League scrapped it in 2007 to focus on promoting the NFL in Europe it had 5 of its six teams in Germany.

The Central European Football League was set up in 2006 as a weekly, 10-game schedule league. By the time it had been absorbed by IFAF Europe in 2017, and become a regional A League playing a 2-game schedule for the previous years champions of the Central European National Leagues, in line with the Northern European Football League, under the European Football League (AA), it had teams from Austria, Slovenia, Slovakia, Hungary, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia-Hercegovina and Turkey.

It was replaced as the Major League in Europe by the IFAF Europe Big 6, playing a limited-schedule, 2-game season, with two groups and a Final. Teams were from Germany, Austria, Netherlands, France, Italy and Spain.

The National Football League during this time (2007-present) was promoting the National Football League in Europe through a series of Regular Season games in London, with the Jacksonville Jaguars the designated home team for one game a year. By 2019 this had become four-games a year, with a wide variety of NFL teams playing. The American Bowl and International Series included matches in Mexico, Japan, Canada and Australia.

References

Bibliography

[1] National Football League (2014) “Past Standings” 2014 Official NFL Record & Factbook” pg. 350-399. National football League, Time Home Entertainment. 2014.

[2] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1991 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id165.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[3] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1992 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id166.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

Newspapers

[4] Berry, Lee (1993) “Spartans Humbled in Hamburg” First Down. May 15, 1993. pg. 17

[5] Berry, Lee (1993) “Germans Get Away with Blue Murder” First Down. August 28, 1993. pg. 18.

[6] Berry, Lee (1993) “Spartans humble” First Down. October 2, 1993. pg. ??.

Newspapers

[7] Berry, Lee (1993) “They said it couldn’t be done” First Down. October 16, 1993. pg. 20

[8] Berry, Lee (1993) “Nuttall mints it with Raiders” First Down. October 16, 1993. pg. 20.

[9] Berry, Lee (1993) “Semi-Conscience” First Down. October 23, 1993. pg. 20.

[10] Berry, Lee (1993) “Near-Miss!” First Down. November 6, 1993. pg. 21.

Websites

[11] Google Groups – rec.sport.football.misc (1994) Message by Ludwig Alberter – 5 September 1994 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/oNVilaWhNSY [Accessed 21 August 2018]

[12] Google Groups – rec.sport.football.misc (1994) Message by Dominik Kubla – 5 November 1994 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/BRx_xxVsAoY [Accessed 21 August 2018]

Sources

[13] FD Reporter (1995) “Terry Launches Second Coming” First Down, May 20, 1995, P. 18.

[14] Rowlands, Neil (1995) “It’s back to the good old Haze!” First Down, May 27, 1995, P. 22.

[15] Anon. (1995) “I’ll give any unhappy fans money back” First Down, June 10, 1995, P. 18.

[16] Myatt, Steve (1995) “Sedin Death!” First Down, June 17, 1995, P. 21.

[17] Myatt, Steve (1995) “Defensive Disaster sees Spartans crumble to 0-5” First Down, July 15, 1995, P. 18.

[18] Anon. (1995) “We can bounce back, says Tel” First Down, July 1, 1995, P. 18.

[19] FD Reporter (1995) “Sitting on the dock of a bay” First Down, August 5, 1995, P. 19.

Online Encyclopedia

[20] Enciclopedia del Football Italiano (2019) American Football League Europe 1995 [Internet] Available from: http://www.warriorsbologna.it/public/Enciclopedia/PDF/1995_afle_eur.pdf [Accessed 4 December 2019]

News Groups

[21] Google Groups | rec.sport.football.misc (1995) [FLE] Schedule of 1995 Season | Post by Domink Kubla 27 May 1995 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/6Y8ECEnsSi0 [Accessed 8 August 2018]

[22] Google Groups | rec.sport.football.misc (1995) [FLE] Latest News and first result | Post by Domink Kubla 2 June 1995 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/j1J9u7pcYPo [Accessed 8 August 2018]

[23] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1995 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id170.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[24] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1996 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id171.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[25] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1997 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id172.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[26] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1998 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id173.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[27] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1999 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id174.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[28] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2000 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id175.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[29] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2001 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id176.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[30] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2002 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id177.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[31] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2003 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id178.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[32] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2004 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id179.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[33] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2005 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id180.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[34] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2006 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id181.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[35] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2007 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id182.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

Internet Archive

[36] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2009) Scores & schedule 2006 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20090118162703/http://www.european-league.com/scores/2006/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[37] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2009) Scores & Schedule 2007 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20090118163121/http://www.european-league.com/scores/2007/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[38] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2008) Standings 2007 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20080308000949/http://www.european-league.com/standings/ [Accessed 6 June 2020]

[39] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2009) Scores & Schedule 2008 [Internet] Available from:https://web.archive.org/web/20090118162938/http://www.european-league.com/scores/2008/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[40] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2009) Standings 2008 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20090118162315/http://www.european-league.com/standings/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[41] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2013) Scores & Schedule 2009 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20130328043843/http://www.european-league.com/scores/2009/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[42] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2009) Standings 2009 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20091105230042/http://www.european-league.com/standings/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[43] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2013) Scores & Schedule 2010 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20130328043549/http://www.european-league.com/scores/2010/ [Accessed 6 June 2020]

[44] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2010) Standings 2010 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20101109060341/http://www.european-league.com/standings/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[45] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2013) Scores & Schedule 2011 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20130328043252/http://www.european-league.com/scores/2011/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[46] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2011) Standings 2011 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20111111013048/http://www.european-league.com/standings/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[47] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2013) Scores & Schedule 2012 [Internet] Available from:https://web.archive.org/web/20130328044149/http://www.european-league.com/scores/2012/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[48] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2012) Standings 2012 [Internet] Available from:https://web.archive.org/web/20120905031154/http://www.european-league.com/standings [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[49] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2014) Scores & Schedule 2013 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20140802210226/http://www.european-league.com/scores/2013/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[50] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2013) Standings 2013 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20131027154542/http://www.european-league.com/standings/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[51] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2009) Scores & Schedule 2014 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20140821194851/http://www.european-league.com/scores/2014/ [Accessed 6 June 2020]

[52] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2015) Standings 2014 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20150121092716/http://www.european-league.com/standings/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[53] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2015) Scores & Schedule 2015 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20151003060110/http://www.european-league.com/scores [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[54] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2015) Standings 2015 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20151008031521/http://www.european-league.com/standings [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[55] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2009) Scores & Schedule 2016 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20161224191946/http://www.european-league.com/scores/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

[56] Central European Football League | Wayback Machine (2016) Standings 2016 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20161225012542/http://www.european-league.com/standings/ [Accessed 5 June 2020]

Websites

[57] Eurobowl (2015) BIG6 EFL Standings 2015 [Internet] Available from: http://www.eurobowl.info/index.php?Inhalt=tabellen&Liga=BIG6&Archiv=2015 [Accessed 15 April 2020]

[58] Eurobowl (2015) BIG6 EFL Schedule / Results 2015 [Internet] Available from: http://www.eurobowl.info/index.php?Inhalt=spielplan&Liga=BIG6&Archiv=2015 [Accessed 15 April 2020]

[59] Eurobowl (2016) BIG6 EFL Schedule / Results 2016 [Internet] Available from: http://www.eurobowl.info/index.php?Inhalt=spielplan&Liga=BIG6&Archiv=2016 [Accessed 15 April 2020]

[60] Eurobowl (2017) BIG6 EFL Standings 2017 [Internet] Available from: http://www.eurobowl.info/index.php?Inhalt=tabellen&Liga=BIG6&Archiv=2017 [Accessed 15 April 2020]

[61] Eurobowl (2017) BIG6 EFL Schedule / Results 2017 [Internet] Available from: http://www.eurobowl.info/index.php?Inhalt=spielplan&Liga=BIG6&Archiv=2017 [Accessed 15 April 2020]

[62] Eurobowl (2018) BIG6 EFL Schedule / Results 2018 [Internet] Available from: http://www.eurobowl.info/index.php?Inhalt=spielplan&Liga=BIG6&Archiv=2018 [Accessed 15 April 2020]

Images

[63] Growth of a Game (2014) NFL Europe Logos [Internet] Available from: https://www.growthofagame.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/NFL-Europe-Logo.jpg [Accessed 23 April 2018]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Decy Maher and John Kane.

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish, North American & World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 12 June 2020

(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2020

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.Advertisements

National Football League International Era Timeline 1950-Present

National Football League Logo [Ref: 4]

National Football League Expansion Era, 1952-present

NumberTeamsYears Active
National-American Football League1952-1953
1Dallas Texans (NFL)1952; 1960-1962
2Baltimore Colts (NFL)1953-1982
American Football League1960-1969
3Denver Broncos1960-present
4Houston Oilers1960-1995 [13]
5Los Angeles Chargers1960 [14]
6New York Titans1960-1962 [16]
7Buffalo Bills1960-present
8Boston Patriots1960-1969 [17]
11Oakland Raiders1960-1981 [18]
13San Diego Chargers1961-2018 [20]
14Kansas City Chiefs1963-present
15New York Jets1963-present
17Miami Dolphins1967-present
19Boston Patriots (Birmingham)1968 *
20Cincinnati Bengals1969-present
21Miami Dolphins (Tampa)1969 *
National Football League Relocation Era1950-1982
9Dallas Cowboys1960-present
10St. Louis Cardinals1960-1987 [19]
12Minnesota Vikings1961-present
16Atlanta Falcons1966-present
18New Orleans Saints1968-present
22New England Patriots1971-present [17]
23New York Giants (New Haven, Conn.)1973-1975 [21]
24New York Giants (New Jersey)1976-present [21]
25Tampa Bay Buccaneers1976-present
26Seattle Seahawks1976-present
27Indianapolis Colts1982-present [22]
28Los Angeles Raiders1982-1994 [23]
29Los Angeles Rams (Anaheim)1982-1994 [24]
30New York Jets (New Jersey)1984-present [25]
31Phoenix Cardinals1988-1993
32Arizona Cardinals1994-Present
National Football League South Expansion Era1995-2019
33Carolina Panthers1995-present
34Jacksonville Jaguars1995-present
35St. Louis Rams1995-2018 [27]
36Oakland Raiders1995-2019 [28]
37Baltimore Ravens1996-present
38Tennessee Oilers (Memphis)1997 [29]
39Tennessee Titans (Nashville)1998 [30]
40Houston Texans2002-present
41New Orleans Saints (Baton Rouge)2005
42New Orleans Saints (San Antonio)2005
43San Francisco 49ers (Santa Clara)2014-Present
44Los Angeles Chargers2019-present [20]
45Los Angeles Rams2019-present [36]
46Las Vegas Raiders2020-present [37]
National Football League Major Teams Timeline 1920-present [Ref: 1-7]

National Football League International 1960-Present

NumberTeam (Host City)Years
National Football League Intercontinental1960-1993
49Chicago Bears (Toronto)1960
50Detroit Lions (Montreal)1969
51Pittsburgh Steelers (Montreal)1969
52St. Louis Cardinals (Tokyo)1976
53New Orleans Saints (Mexico City)1978
54Tampa Bay Bandits (USFL)(London)1984
55Minnesota Vikings (Goteborg)1988
56Cleveland Browns (Toronto) #1993
NFL American Bowl / International Series1995-Present
57Minnesota Vikings (London)1983^; 2013
58St. Louis / Los Angeles Rams (London)1987+; 2012, 16-17, 19
59Miami Dolphins (London)1988+, 2007, 2015, 2017
60New Orleans Saints (London)1990+, 2008
61San Francisco 49ers (London)1992+, 2010
62Buffalo Bills (Toronto)1995+; 2008-2013 [35]
National Football League American Bowl1986-2019
63Chicago Bears (London)1986
64New York Jets (Montreal)1988
65Los Angeles Rams (Tokyo)1989
66Philadelphia Eagles (London)1989
67Denver Broncos (Tokyo)1990, 1995
68Pittsburgh Steelers (Montreal)1990
69Los Angeles Rams (Berlin)1990
70Buffalo Bills (London)1991
71San Francisco 49ers (Berlin)1991
72Miami Dolphins (Tokyo)1991
73Houston Oilers (Tokyo)1992
74Miami Dolphins (Berlin)1992
75Dallas Cowboys (London)1993
76New Orleans Saints (Tokyo)1993
77San Francisco 49ers (Barcelona)1993
78Minnesota Vikings (Berlin)1993
79Los Angeles Raiders (Barcelona)1994
80Minnesota Vikings (Tokyo)1994
81New York Giants (Berlin)1994
82Houston Oilers (Mexico City)1994
83San Diego Chargers (Tokyo)1996
84Kansas City Chiefs (Monterrey)1996
85Pittsburgh Steelers (Dublin)1997
86Miami Dolphins (Mexico City)1997
87Green Bay Packers (Toronto)1997
88Green Bay Packers (Tokyo)1998
89San Francisco 49ers (Vancouver)1998
90New England Patriots (Tokyo)1998
91Denver Broncos (Sydney)1999
92Atlanta Falcons (Tokyo)2000; 2005
93Indianapolis Colts (Mexico City)2000
94Dallas Cowboys (Mexico City)2001
95Washington Redskins (Osaka)2002
96Tampa Bay Buccaneers (Tokyo)2003
National Football League International Series2005-2019
97Arizona Cardinals (Mexico City)2005 [33]
98Tampa Bay Buccaneers (London)2009, 2011, 2019
99Jacksonville Jaguars (London)2013-2019
100Atlanta Falcons (London)2014
101Oakland Raiders (London)2014; 2018-2019
102Kansas City Chiefs (London)2015
103Cincinnati Bengals (London)2016
104Cleveland Browns (London)2017
105Los Angeles Chargers (London)2018
106Los Angeles Chargers (Mexico City)2019
107Green Bay Packers (Winnipeg) ^2019
NFL American Bowl & International Series 1976-2019

Report

The National Football League engaged in a series of International Games and Expansion beginning with Preseason Exhibitions in Canada in the 1950s and 1960. In 1960 the American Football League was successful enough to force a merger with the NFL in 1970, and from 1983 to 1999 the National Football League engaged in the American Bowl Series of Preseason Games in London, Berlin, Barcelona, Tokyo, Mexico City, Gothenburg and Osaka.

The ext round of expansion came in the 19990s with the addition of South Divisions to both the American and National Conferences, and after 2000 was a new International series, with Regular Season games in London, Mexico City and Toronto. Recently there has been a new round of relocations, just as there was in the 1970s and early 1980s.

Notes

For the American Bowl and NFL International Series the Designated Home Team for each game is given with the host city in brackets afterwards. This is the same for games played by National Football League teams in the USA.

Notes

# International Series Match. + American Bowl Match. ^ Non-International Series Preseason Exhibition match.

[10] Baltimore Colts and Dallas Texans of 1952-1953 were part of the National Football League when it was briefly known as the National-American Football League following the merger of the NFL and All-America Football Conference.

[11] NFL considers Baltimore Colts of 1951 & 1953 as separate teams.

[12] Dallas Texans became Kansas City Chiefs in 1963.

[13] Moved to Memphis and became Tennessee Oilers in 1996. name retired by NFL.

[14] Los Angeles Chargers moved to San Diego in 1961.

[15] Minneapolis were awarded a team for the AFL in 1960, but later resigned from the League and were awarded a team for the NFL to begin play in 1961.

[16] New York Titans changed name to New York Jets 1963.

[17] Boston Patriots moved outside Boston in Massachusetts in 1970 and changed name to New England Patriots.

[18] Oakland Raiders moved to Los Angeles (Anaheim) in 1982.

[19] Chicago Cardinals became St. Louis Cardinals in 1960.

[20] San Diego Chargers moved back to Los Angeles in 2019.

[21] New York Giants moved to New Haven, Connecticut in 1973, and East Rutherford, New Jersey in 1975.

[23] Baltimore Colts moved to Indianapolis in 1982.

[24] Los Angeles Rams moved to Anaheim in 1982.

[25] New York Jets moved into Giants Stadium, New Jersey in 1984.

[26] St. Louis Cardinals moved to Phoenix in 1988 and then moved to Tempe, Arizona and became Arizona Cardinals in 1994.

[27] Los Angeles Rams moved to St. Louis 1995.

[28] Los Angeles Raiders moved back to Oakland 1995.

[29] Houston Oilers moved to Memphis becoming the Tennessee Oilers in 1997.

[30] Tennessee Oilers moved to Nashville becoming Tennessee Titans in 1998.

[31] The Cleveland Browns moved to Baltimore in 1996, and were renamed the Ravens. The NFL placed a new team in Cleveland in 1999, and gave them the Cleveland Browns name and history.

[32] The New Orleans Saints played their Home matches in Baton Rouge (Louisiana) and San Antonio (Texas) in 2005 due to the Super Dome in New Orleans being unplayable as a result of Hurricane Katrina.

[33] The Arizona Cardinals were the designated Home Team for an NFL International Regular Season match in Mexico City in 2005.

[34] The Jacksonville Jaguars were the designated Home Team for NFL International Regular Season matches in London from 2007 to present. nicknamed the “Union Jags” by fans.

[35] The Buffalo Bills were the designated Home Team for NFL International Regular Season matches in Toronto from 2008 to 2013.

[36] St. Louis Rams moved back to Los Angeles in 2019.

[37] Oakland Raiders moved to Las Vegas in 2020.

*Single Home match played at the venue indicated.

References

Bibliography

[1] National Football League (2014) “Past Standings” 2014 Official NFL Record & Factbook” pg. 350-399. National football League, Time Home Entertainment. 2014.

Websites

[2] Pro Football Hall of Fame (2005) American Football League Standings (1936-37) [Internet] Available from: http://www.profootballhof.com/news/american-football-league-standings-1936-37/ [Accessed 5 June 2017]

[3] Bob Gill, The Coffin Corner, Pro Football Researchers Association (1989) Back Before Bengalmania – Cincinnati’s First Brush with the Big Time – [Internet] Available from: http://profootballresearchers.com/archives/Website_Files/Coffin_Corner/11-05-379.pdf [Accessed 9 October 2018]

[4] Pro Football Archives (2019) 1938 | American Football League [Internet] Available from: https://www.profootballarchives.com/1938.html [Accessed 12 October 2019]

[5] Pro Football Archives (2019) 1939 | American Football League [Internet] Available from: https://www.profootballarchives.com/1939.html [Accessed 12 October 2019]

[6] Pro Football Hall of Fame (2005) American Football League (1940-1941) [Internet] Available from: http://www.profootballhof.com/news/american-football-league-1940-1941/ [Accessed 5 June 2017]

[7] Pro Football Hall of Fame (2005) All-America Football Conference (AAFC) Standings (1946-1949) [Internet] Available from: http://www.profootballhof.com/news/all-america-football-conference-aafc-standings-1946-1949/ [Accessed 5 June 2017]

[2] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1998 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id173.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[3] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1999 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id174.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[4] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2000 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id175.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[5] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2001 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id176.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[6] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2002 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id177.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[7] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2003 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id178.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[8] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2004 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id179.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[9] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2005 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id180.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[10] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2006 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id181.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[11] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2007 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id182.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

Images

[8] National Football League (2019) Division Standings | 2019 | Preseason [Internet] Available from: https://www.nfl.com/standings/division/2019/PRE [Accessed 12 August 2019]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Decy Maher and John Kane.

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish, North American & World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 12 May 2020

(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2020

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.Advertisements

World Football Leagues Era Timeline 1972-Present

World League of American Football Logo 1991-1997 [Ref: 21]

Intercontinental Football Leagues 1972-1989

Years ActiveTeams
Intercontinental Football League Europe 1972-1975
1972NFL Bleu (Paris)
1972NFL Rouge (Paris)
1973-1975Rome Gladiators
1973-1975Barcelona Almogovares
1973-1975Istanbul Conquerors
1973-1975West Berlin Bears
1973-1975Vienna Lippizaners
1973-1975Munich Lions
Intercontinental Football League USA 1972-1978
1972Air Force All-Stars
1972Rota Naval Base Admirals
1973University of Rhode Island Rams
1973USAFE All-Stars
1976Henderson State Reddies
1976Texas A&I Javelinas
1977Chicago Lions
1977Newton Nite Hawks
1978Indianapolis Capitols
1978Quad Cities Black Hawks
Canadian Football League USA 1993-1995; 2002-2005
1993-1994Sacramento Gold Miners
1994-1995Baltimore Stallions
1994Las Vegas Posse
1994-1995Shreveport Pirates
1995Birmingham Barracudas
1995Memphis Mad Dogs
1995San Antonio Texans
2002-2005Ottawa Renegades
United Football League 2009-2011
2009California Redwoods (San Jose)
2009-2010Florida Tuskers (Orlando)
2009-2011Las Vegas Locomotives
2009New York Sentinels
2010Hartford Colonials
2010-2011Omaha Nighthawks
2010-2011Sacramento Mountain Lions
2011Virginia Destroyers
Intercontinental Football Leagues Timeline 1972-1989 [Ref: 1-20]

European Football Leagues 1991-2007

Years ActiveTeams
World League of American Football 1991-1992
1991-1992Birmingham Fire
1991-1992Montreal Machine
1991-1992New York / New Jersey Knights
1991-1992Orlando Thunder
1991Raleigh-Durham Skyhawks
1991-1992Sacramento Surge
1991-1992San Antonio Riders
1992Ohio Glory (Columbus)
National Football League Europe 1991-2007
1991-2003Barcelona Dragons
1991-2007Frankfurt Galaxy
1991-1998London / England Monarchs
1995-2007Amsterdam Admirals
1995-2007Rhein Fire
1995-2004Scottish Claymores
1999-2007Berlin Thunder
2004-2007Cologne Centurions
2005-2007Hamburg Sea Devils
European League of American Football 1993
1993-1995Hamburg Blue Devils
1993Cologne Crocodiles
1993Munich Cowboys
1993Manchester EuroSpartans
1993EuroSteelers
1993EuroBears
1993EuroRaiders
1993EuroMonarchs
American Football League of Europe 1994-1995
1994-1995Stockholm Nordic Vikings
1994Berlin Bears
1994Helsinki Roosters
1995Frankfurt Knights
1994-1995Sheffield GB Spartans
1994Munich Thunder
1994-1995Amsterdam Crusaders
1994Frankfurt Gamblers
1995Bergamo Lions
European Football Leagues Timeline 1991-1989 [Ref: 1-20]

World Football Leagues 2012-Present

Years ActiveTeams
Elite Football League of India 2012
2012Bangalore Warhawks
2012Colombo Lions
2012Delhi Defenders
2012Kandy Sky Kings
2012Kolkata Vipers
2012Mumbai Gladiators
2012Pakistan Wolfpack
2012Pune Marathas
Lingerie Football League Canada 2012-2013
2012-2013BC Angels
2012-2013Regina Rage
2012-2013Saskatoon Sirens
2012-2013Toronto Triumph
Legends Football League Australia 2013-2014
2013-2014NSW Surge
2013-2014Queensland Brigade
2013-2014Victoria Maidens
2013-2014Western Australia Angels
Pretty Girls Football League Mexico 2017
2017Cazadoras Los Mochis
2017Cougars Veracruz
2017Diosas Cahitas Los Mochis
2017Evil Queens Culiacan
2017Linces de Puebla
2017Lycans EdoMex Ojo de Agua
2017Morrigans CDMX
2017Ronin de Puebla Somos
2017Valkirias San Luis Potosi
China Arena Football League 2016; 2019
2016-2019Beijing Lions
2016Dalian Dragon Kings
2016Guangzhou Power
2016Qingdao Clipper
2016Shanghai Skywalkers
2016Shenzhen Naja
2019Shanghai Legend
2019Shenyang Black Rhinos
2019Wuhan Gators
World Arena / Legends Football Leagues Timeline 2012-Present [Ref: 46-69]

Report

The first attempts at bringing American Football to the World were in the early 1970s, when Bob Kapp, who had successfully brought Professional Soccer to Texas sought to do the same with American Football in Europe. The Intercontinental Football League featured American teams playing as tourists for the European Championship from 1976 to 1978, as well as a game between two NFL teams NFL Bleu and NFL Rouge in Paris. There was also an attempt to start a Pro League in Europe with six teams, and alhough franchises wrre sold the oil crisis and the spectre of terrorism put a stop to it. The last of these tours was by two Oklahoma Colleges in USSR in 1989.

Beginning in 1991, the National Football League started the World League of American Football with teams in United States, Canada, and Europe. Emmett Waldron, who was born in Cork, played for the Scottish Claymores from 1995 to 1998 when the League was a Europe-only league renamed NFL Europe.

The first Leagues other than American promoted Pro League appeared in 1994-1995 with the American Football League of europe, featuring mainly homegrown European players. In 1993 to 1995 the Canadian Football League also attempted to go “World” by putting teams in the United States of America. The United Football League of 2009-2011 belongs in this category of World League as it actually played three full seasons, whereas most Leagues of this Era in USA ether failed to get off the ground or played a limited 2-game schedule. In 2012 the Elite Football League of India was started by former NFL players and coaches, and featured teams in India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.

Beginning in 2012-13 the Legends and Arena Leagues decided to go Global, with the Lingerie Football League placing teams in Canada for the 2012-13 season, and then as the newly renamed Legends Football League in Australia in 2013-14. Ireland’s Linda Holland, born in Cork, played for the Western Australia Angels in 2013-14. In 2017 the Pretty Girls Football League in Mexico was another of these Leagues. The Arena Football League also got in on the action with its China AFL league playing two season in 2016 and 2019.

Linda Holland of the LFL Australia team Western Australia Angels 2013-14 [Ref: 70]

References

Website / Sources

[1] Mark L. Ford and Massimo Foglio, The Coffin Corner Volume 27,No. 6, Pro Football Researchers Association (2002) THE FIRST “NFL EUROPE”[Internet] Available from: http://www.profootballresearchers.org/archives/Website_Files/Coffin_Corner/27-06-1101.pdf [Accessed 20 October 2019]

Bibiography

[2] Massimo Foglio with Mark L. Ford (2017), Touchdown in Europe – How American Football Came to the Old Continent. Second Edition “The Trailblazers: Bleu et Rouge, College and Semi-Pro”. pg. 151-188. Published by the Author (2015, 2017)

Internet Archive

[3] American Football (Russia) (2017) History in Russia [Internet] Available from: http://www.americanfootball.ru/Hist_RUS.php [Accessed 24 December 2017]

Websites

[4] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF Logo [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/WLAFlogo.gif [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[5] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1991 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id165.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[6] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1992 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id166.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[7] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1995 [Interne] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id170.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[8] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1996 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id171.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[9] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1997 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id172.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[10] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1998 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id173.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[11] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1999 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id174.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[12] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2000 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id175.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[13] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2001 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id176.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[14] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2002 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id177.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[15] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2003 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id178.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[16] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2004 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id179.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[17] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2005 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id180.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[18] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2006 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id181.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[19] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2007 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id182.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

Newspapers

[20] Naughton, Lindie (1996) US FOOTBALL Evening Herald. Thursday, 29 February 1996. pg 62 [Internet] Available from: http://archive.irishnewsarchive.com/Olive/APA/INA/Print.Article.aspx?mode=image&href=EHD%2F1996%2F02%2F29&id=Ar06206 [Accessed 5 July 2017]

Images

[21] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF Logo [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/WLAFlogo.gif [Accessed 23 April 2018]

Websites

[22] Google Groups – rec.sport.football.misc (1994) Message by Ludwig Alberter – 5 September 1994 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/oNVilaWhNSY [Accessed 21 August 2018]

[23] Google Groups – rec.sport.football.misc (1994) Message by Dominik Kubla – 5 November 1994 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/BRx_xxVsAoY [Accessed 21 August 2018]

Sources

[24] FD Reporter (1995) “Terry Launches Second Coming” First Down, May 20, 1995, P. 18.

[25] Rowlands, Neil (1995) “It’s back to the good old Haze!” First Down, May 27, 1995, P. 22.

[26] Anon. (1995) “I’ll give any unhappy fans money back” First Down, June 10, 1995, P. 18.

[27] Myatt, Steve (1995) “Sedin Death!” First Down, June 17, 1995, P. 21.

[28] Myatt, Steve (1995) “Defensive Disaster sees Spartans crumble to 0-5” First Down, July 15, 1995, P. 18.

[29] Anon. (1995) “We can bounce back, says Tel” First Down, July 1, 1995, P. 18.

[30] FD Reporter (1995) “Sitting on the dock of a bay” First Down, August 5, 1995, P. 19.

Online Encyclopedia

[31] Enciclopedia del Football Italiano (2019) American Football League Europe 1995 [Internet] Available from: http://www.warriorsbologna.it/public/Enciclopedia/PDF/1995_afle_eur.pdf [Accessed 4 December 2019]

News Groups

[32] Google Groups | rec.sport.football.misc (1995) [FLE] Schedule of 1995 Season | Post by Domink Kubla 27 May 1995 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/6Y8ECEnsSi0 [Accessed 8 August 2018]

[33] Google Groups | rec.sport.football.misc (1995) [FLE] Latest News and first result | Post by Domink Kubla 2 June 1995 [Internet] Available from: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rec.sport.football.misc/j1J9u7pcYPo [Accessed 8 August 2018]

[34] Canadian Football League (2019) Standings | 2002 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/standings/?season=2002 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

[35] Canadian Football League (2019) Standings | 2003 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/standings/?season=2003 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

[36] Canadian Football League (2019) Standings | 2004 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/standings/?season=2004 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

[37] Canadian Football League (2019) Schedule | 2004 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/schedule/?season=2004 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

[38] Canadian Football League (2019) Standings | 2005 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/standings/?season=2005 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

[39] Canadian Football League (2019) Schedule | 2005 [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/schedule/?season=2005 [Accessed 9 March 2019]

Internet Archive

[40] United Football League | Internet Archive (2010) Schedule 2009 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20100102212241/http://www.ufl-football.com/schedule [Accessed 13 August 2019]

[41] United Football League | Internet Archive (2011) Schedule 2010 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20110609043730/http://www.ufl-football.com/schedule [Accessed 13 August 2019]

[42] United Football League | Internet Archive (2011) Schedule 2011 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20111026023511/http://www.ufl-football.com/schedule [Accessed 13 August 2019]

Bibliography

[43] Maher, Todd & Gill, Bob (2013) Canadian Pro Football Encyclopedia | The Annual Record pg. 108-110. Maher Sports Media, 2013.

[44] Maher, Todd & Gill, Bob (2013) Canadian Pro Football Encyclopedia | The Game Scores pg. 5-10. Maher Sports Media, 2013.

Online Encyclopedias

[45] Wikipedia (2016) 2012 Elite Football League of India Season [Internet] Available from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012_Elite_Football_League_of_India_season [Accessed 23 October 2016]

Internet Archive

[46] LFL Canada | Internet Archive (2012) LFL Canada | 2012-13 | Standings [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20121119013016/http://lflcanada.com/standings.php [Accessed 31 August 2019]

[47] De La Fuente, Marcus (2012) LINGERIE BOWL I: HANSON & GARCIA LIGHT UP THE FIELD FOR BC AS MISSED OPPORTUNITIES AND MISTAKES PLAGUE SASKATOON LFL Canada | Internet Archive [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20121205072904/http://www.lfl360.com/articles/lingerie-bowl-i-hanson-garcia-light-field-bc-missed-opportunities-mistakes-plague-saskatoon/ [Accessed 31 August 2019]

Websites

[48] Brian O’Reilly – Irish Independent (2014) February 13 2014: Video: Irish woman becomes star of Australia’s Lingerie Football League [Internet] Availabble from: https://www.independent.ie/sport/other-sports/video-irish-woman-becomes-star-of-australias-lingerie-football-league-30007193 [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[49] LFL 360 (2013) NSW Surge vs QLD Brigade – The inaugural Australian LFL game [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/australia/new-south-wales-surge/nsw-surge-qld-brigade-the-inaugural-australian-lfl-game/ [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[50] LFL 360 (2013) A Packed Stadium and Upset Win Add to an Ulnikely Maiden Voyage [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/australia/packed-stadium-upset-win-add-maiden-voyage/ [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[51] LFL 360 (2013) Heavenly Debut for the Angels [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/australia/heavenly-debut-angels/ [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[52] LFL 360 (2013) A Surge Capsizes Maiden Voyage, NSW 36 VIC 12 [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/australia/surge-capsizes-maiden-voyage-34-12-sydney [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[53] LFL 360 (2014) Massacre on the Gold Coast, Angels soar above Brigade 41-0 [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/australia/massacre-gold-coast-angels-soar-brigade-41-0 [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[54] LFL 360 (2014) LFL Australia: Articles [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/category/australia/ [Accessed 6 May 2018]

[55] LFL 360 (2014) LFL Australia: Articles – Page 2 [Internet] Available from: https://www.lfl360.com/category/australia/page/2/ [Accessed 6 May 2018]

Websites

[56] Arena Fan (2016) China Arena Football League Standings [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20161107032211/http://www.arenafan.com/statistics/?page=standings&league=4 [Accessed 31 August 2019]

[57] Morninghof, Mick (2016) Beijing Wins CAFL Bowl on Final Play [Internet] Available from: http://caflfootball.com/beijing-wins-cafl-china-bowl-on-final-play/ [Accessed 31 August 2019]

[58] Morninghof, Mick (2016) Shanghai Takes Third With 57-52 Win [Internet] Available from: http://caflfootball.com/shanghai-takes-third-with-57-52-win/ [Accessed 31 August 2019]

[59] Morninghof, Mick (2016) Naja Finish at .500 With 46-30 Win Over Dalian [Internet] Available from: http://caflfootball.com/shanghai-takes-third-with-57-52-win/ [Accessed 31 August 2019]

[60] China Arena Football League (2019) CAFL 2019 Competition Breakdown! [Internet] Available from: http://caflfootball.com/cafl-2019-competition-breakdown/ [Accessed 3 December 2019]

[61] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, November 13, 2019: ” Final Score from Shenyang: Beijing 28 Shenyang 0 “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2768277399901933 [Accessed 3 December 2019]

[62] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, November 22, 2019” Final Score in Wuhan: Gators 40 Shanghai 0 “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2791563504239989 [Accessed 3 December 2019]

[63] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, December 6, 2019” Half way through Match Play and Day 1 of the CAFL Championship Tournament and here are the scores:  [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2823067901089549 [Accessed 10 December 2019]

[64] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, December 6, 2019 The first day is complete and here is how the teams finished in day 1 of Match Play of the CAFL 2019 Championship Tournament. “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2823301561066183 [Accessed 10 December 2019]

[65] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, December 8, 2019” The Shenyang Black Rhinos take home the 3rd Place OF THE CAFL 2029 Championship Tournament with an 18-6 win over the Shanghai Legends.  [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2827977440598595 [Accessed 10 December 2019]

[66] China Arena Football League | Facebook (2019) Post, December 8, 2019” What an epic battle as the CAFL 2019 Tournament Championship Game gave fans all that they could ask for as the Wuhan Gators came from behind in regulation to tie the score and take the game to overtime to defeat the 2016 champions Beijing Lions 30-22.  “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CAFLFootball/posts/2827996027263403 [Accessed 10 December 2019]

[67] Arena Football League (2019) Official Statement [Internet] Available from: https://www.arenafootball.com/article/nov27-statement [Accessed 3 December 2019]

Social Media

[68] Pretty Girls Football League Facebook Page (2017) Post June 27, 2017: “Se ha llegado la hora,” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/LigaPGFL/posts/1481540131916233 [Accessed 8 October 2018]

[69] Pretty Girls Football League Facebook Page (2017) Post July 16, 2017: “Marcador final
Cougars Veracruz 12 – 28 Valkirias Slp”
 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/LigaPGFL/posts/1505052382898341:0 [Accessed 8 October 2018]

Images

[70] Brian O’Reilly – Irish Independent (2014) February 13 2014: Video: Irish woman becomes star of Australia’s Lingerie Football League [Internet] Availabble from: https://cdn-03.independent.ie/videos/article30006990.ece/fd099/AUTOCROP/h342/West%20Cork’s%20Linda%20Holland%20on%20reaching%20football’s%20largest%20stage%20in%20Australia%20(Generated%20thumbnail) [Accessed 29 November 2019]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Joe Grey (Dublin Dragons) Sean Douglas (Dublin Rebels & UCD) Fiona Corrigan, Caoimhe Mullaney, Alan Delaney; Cillian Smith, Michael Smith, Ralph Schmeer, and Michael Brophy (IAFA).

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 10 July 2020

(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2020

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.

National Football League World Prediction 2030

National Football League 2030

NATIONAL FOOTBALL CONFERENCEAMERICAN FOOTBALL CONFERENCE
NFC EastAFC East
New York GiantsNew York Jets
Washington PresidentsNew England Patriots
Dallas CowboysMiami Dolphins
Philadelphia EaglesPittsburgh Steelers
NFC NorthAFC South
Green Bay PackersHouston Texans
Chicago BearsJacksonville Jaguars
Detroit LionsTennessee Titans
Minnesota VikingsKansas City Chiefs
NFC SouthAFC West
Atlanta Falcons Denver Broncos
New Orleans SaintsLas Vegas Raiders
Tampa Bay BuccaneersSan Jose 49ers
Carolina PanthersSeattle Seahawks
NFC WorldAFC World
Rome CardinalsToronto Bills
Berlin ColtsMexico City Browns
London RavensSydney Rams
Paris BengalsTokyo Chargers
National Football League (World) Prediction 2030

XFL 2030

XTREME FOOTBALL CONFERENCEUNITED STATES FOOTBALL CONFERENCE
XFC EastUFC East
Buffalo BillsNew Jersey Generals
Baltimore ColtsOhio Glory (Columbus)
Brooklyn DodgersIndianapolis Warriors
Ottawa RoughridersVirginia Hunters
XFC CentralUFC Central
Houston OilersSan Antonio Toros
St. Louis CardinalsOklahoma Outlaws
Cincinnati BengalsShreveport Steamer
Cleveland BrownsNew Mexico Thunderbirds
XFC WestUFC South
Los Angeles RamsBirmingham Stallions
San Diego ChargersMemphis Showboats
San Francisco 49ersOrlando Renegades
Oakland RaidersLouisville Raiders
XFC WorldUFC West
Atlantic Claymores (Dublin-Glasgow)The Hawaiians
England Monarchs (Birmingham)Southern California Sun
Rome GladiatorsArizona Wranglers
Cologne CenturionsPortland Breakers
XFL Prediction 2030

Report

Eirball has taken a brief break from the Past Archive to take a look at what might be when the National Football League places teams around the World like it has promised. Eirball thinks rather than creating new teams it will move teams which haven’t found a home in America to places such as Europe (Rome Cardinals, Berlin Colts), Canada (Toronto Bills), Mexico (Mexico City Browns), Australia (Sydney Rams), and Japan (Tokyo Chargers).

In response somebody like Vince McMahon, who has an awful lot of money, and has created the XFL rival to the NFL, could resurrect some of the teams that the NFL has got rid of (Houston Oilers, Brooklyn Dodgers, St. Louis Cardinals, Los Angeles Rams, Oakland Raiders), and set up a rival league to the NFL, and perhaps force a merger. In this scenario he has also resurrected some of the other “Outlaw” league teams such as the New Jersey Generals, San Antonio Toros, Portland Breakers, as well as bringing back the Claymores (now a Dublin-Glasgow team), the England Monarchs and Rome Gladiators.

The Scottish Claymores wold be resurrected as the Atlantic Claymores – a Dublin & Glasgow team. [Ref: 1]

References

Images

[1] Chris Creamer’s Sports Logos (2019) Scottish Claymores Alternate Logo 1998 [Internet] Available from:http://content.sportslogos.net/logos/19/1233/full/2552_scottish_claymores-alternate-1998.png [Accessed 27 November 2019]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Fiona Corrigan, Caoimhe Mullaney, Alan Delaney, John Wills, John Kane, Todd Zboyan, Lenka Mulligan, Eoin O’Farrell, Richard Mulcahy and family, Dervla Mulcahy and family, Declan Mulcahy and Nora Mulcahy.

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 16 April 2020

(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2020

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Resereved.